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544 lines
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HTML
544 lines
52 KiB
HTML
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
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<title>Saving document</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../pugixml.css" type="text/css">
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2">
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<link rel="home" href="../manual.html" title="pugixml 1.2">
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<link rel="up" href="../manual.html" title="pugixml 1.2">
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<link rel="prev" href="modify.html" title="Modifying document data">
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<link rel="next" href="xpath.html" title="XPath">
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
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<table width="100%"><tr>
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<td>
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<a href="http://pugixml.org/">pugixml 1.2</a> manual |
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<a href="../manual.html">Overview</a> |
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<a href="install.html">Installation</a> |
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Document:
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<a href="dom.html">Object model</a> · <a href="loading.html">Loading</a> · <a href="access.html">Accessing</a> · <a href="modify.html">Modifying</a> · <b>Saving</b> |
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<a href="xpath.html">XPath</a> |
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<a href="apiref.html">API Reference</a> |
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<a href="toc.html">Table of Contents</a>
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</td>
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<td width="*" align="right"><div class="spirit-nav">
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<a accesskey="p" href="modify.html"><img src="../images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../manual.html"><img src="../images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../manual.html"><img src="../images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="xpath.html"><img src="../images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
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</div></td>
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</tr></table>
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<hr>
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
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<a name="manual.saving"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html" title="Saving document"> Saving document</a>
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</h2></div></div></div>
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<div class="toc"><dl>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="saving.html#manual.saving.file"> Saving document to a file</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="saving.html#manual.saving.stream"> Saving document to C++ IOstreams</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="saving.html#manual.saving.writer"> Saving document via writer interface</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="saving.html#manual.saving.subtree"> Saving a single subtree</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="saving.html#manual.saving.options"> Output options</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="saving.html#manual.saving.encoding"> Encodings</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="saving.html#manual.saving.declaration"> Customizing document declaration</a></span></dt>
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</dl></div>
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<p>
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Often after creating a new document or loading the existing one and processing
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it, it is necessary to save the result back to file. Also it is occasionally
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useful to output the whole document or a subtree to some stream; use cases
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include debug printing, serialization via network or other text-oriented medium,
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etc. pugixml provides several functions to output any subtree of the document
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to a file, stream or another generic transport interface; these functions allow
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to customize the output format (see <a class="xref" href="saving.html#manual.saving.options" title="Output options"> Output options</a>), and also perform
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necessary encoding conversions (see <a class="xref" href="saving.html#manual.saving.encoding" title="Encodings"> Encodings</a>). This section documents
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the relevant functionality.
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</p>
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<p>
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Before writing to the destination the node/attribute data is properly formatted
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according to the node type; all special XML symbols, such as < and &,
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are properly escaped (unless <a class="link" href="saving.html#format_no_escapes">format_no_escapes</a>
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flag is set). In order to guard against forgotten node/attribute names, empty
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node/attribute names are printed as <code class="computeroutput"><span class="string">":anonymous"</span></code>.
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For well-formed output, make sure all node and attribute names are set to meaningful
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values.
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</p>
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<p>
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CDATA sections with values that contain <code class="computeroutput"><span class="string">"]]>"</span></code>
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are split into several sections as follows: section with value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="string">"pre]]>post"</span></code> is written as <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special"><![</span><span class="identifier">CDATA</span><span class="special">[</span><span class="identifier">pre</span><span class="special">]]]]><![</span><span class="identifier">CDATA</span><span class="special">[></span><span class="identifier">post</span><span class="special">]]></span></code>.
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While this alters the structure of the document (if you load the document after
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saving it, there will be two CDATA sections instead of one), this is the only
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way to escape CDATA contents.
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</p>
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="manual.saving.file"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html#manual.saving.file" title="Saving document to a file"> Saving document to a file</a>
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</h3></div></div></div>
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<a name="xml_document::save_file"></a><a name="xml_document::save_file_wide"></a><p>
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If you want to save the whole document to a file, you can use one of the
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following functions:
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</p>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save_file</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">path</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">xml_encoding</span> <span class="identifier">encoding</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save_file</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">wchar_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">path</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">xml_encoding</span> <span class="identifier">encoding</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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</pre>
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<p>
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These functions accept file path as its first argument, and also three optional
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arguments, which specify indentation and other output options (see <a class="xref" href="saving.html#manual.saving.options" title="Output options"> Output options</a>)
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and output data encoding (see <a class="xref" href="saving.html#manual.saving.encoding" title="Encodings"> Encodings</a>). The path has the target
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operating system format, so it can be a relative or absolute one, it should
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have the delimiters of the target system, it should have the exact case if
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the target file system is case-sensitive, etc.
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</p>
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<p>
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File path is passed to the system file opening function as is in case of
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the first function (which accepts <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">const</span>
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<span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">path</span></code>); the second function either uses
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a special file opening function if it is provided by the runtime library
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or converts the path to UTF-8 and uses the system file opening function.
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</p>
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<a name="xml_writer_file"></a><p>
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<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save_file</span></code> opens the target
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file for writing, outputs the requested header (by default a document declaration
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is output, unless the document already has one), and then saves the document
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contents. If the file could not be opened, the function returns <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">false</span></code>. Calling <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save_file</span></code>
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is equivalent to creating an <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_writer_file</span></code>
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object with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">FILE</span><span class="special">*</span></code>
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handle as the only constructor argument and then calling <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code>;
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see <a class="xref" href="saving.html#manual.saving.writer" title="Saving document via writer interface"> Saving document via writer interface</a> for writer interface details.
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</p>
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<p>
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This is a simple example of saving XML document to file (<a href="../samples/save_file.cpp" target="_top">samples/save_file.cpp</a>):
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</p>
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<p>
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</p>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">// save document to file
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</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"Saving result: "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save_file</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"save_file_output.xml"</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
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</pre>
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<p>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="manual.saving.stream"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html#manual.saving.stream" title="Saving document to C++ IOstreams"> Saving document to C++ IOstreams</a>
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</h3></div></div></div>
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<a name="xml_document::save_stream"></a><p>
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To enhance interoperability pugixml provides functions for saving document
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to any object which implements C++ <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ostream</span></code>
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interface. This allows you to save documents to any standard C++ stream (i.e.
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file stream) or any third-party compliant implementation (i.e. Boost Iostreams).
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Most notably, this allows for easy debug output, since you can use <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span></code>
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stream as saving target. There are two functions, one works with narrow character
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streams, another handles wide character ones:
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</p>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ostream</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">stream</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">xml_encoding</span> <span class="identifier">encoding</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">wostream</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">stream</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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</pre>
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<p>
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<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code> with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ostream</span></code>
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argument saves the document to the stream in the same way as <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save_file</span></code> (i.e. with requested header and
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with encoding conversions). On the other hand, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code>
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with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">wstream</span></code> argument saves the document to
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the wide stream with <a class="link" href="loading.html#encoding_wchar">encoding_wchar</a>
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encoding. Because of this, using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code>
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with wide character streams requires careful (usually platform-specific)
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stream setup (i.e. using the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">imbue</span></code>
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function). Generally use of wide streams is discouraged, however it provides
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you with the ability to save documents to non-Unicode encodings, i.e. you
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can save Shift-JIS encoded data if you set the correct locale.
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</p>
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<a name="xml_writer_stream"></a><p>
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Calling <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code> with stream
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target is equivalent to creating an <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_writer_stream</span></code>
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object with stream as the only constructor argument and then calling <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code>; see <a class="xref" href="saving.html#manual.saving.writer" title="Saving document via writer interface"> Saving document via writer interface</a> for writer
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interface details.
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</p>
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<p>
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This is a simple example of saving XML document to standard output (<a href="../samples/save_stream.cpp" target="_top">samples/save_stream.cpp</a>):
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</p>
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<p>
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</p>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">// save document to standard output
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</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"Document:\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">);</span>
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</pre>
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<p>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="manual.saving.writer"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html#manual.saving.writer" title="Saving document via writer interface"> Saving document via writer interface</a>
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</h3></div></div></div>
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<a name="xml_document::save"></a><a name="xml_writer"></a><a name="xml_writer::write"></a><p>
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All of the above saving functions are implemented in terms of writer interface.
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This is a simple interface with a single function, which is called several
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times during output process with chunks of document data as input:
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</p>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">xml_writer</span>
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<span class="special">{</span>
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<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
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<span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">write</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">data</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">size_t</span> <span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="special">};</span>
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<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">xml_writer</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">writer</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">xml_encoding</span> <span class="identifier">encoding</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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</pre>
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<p>
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In order to output the document via some custom transport, for example sockets,
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you should create an object which implements <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_writer</span></code>
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interface and pass it to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code>
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function. <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_writer</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">write</span></code> function is called with a buffer
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as an input, where <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">data</span></code> points
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to buffer start, and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">size</span></code>
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is equal to the buffer size in bytes. <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">write</span></code>
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implementation must write the buffer to the transport; it can not save the
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passed buffer pointer, as the buffer contents will change after <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">write</span></code> returns. The buffer contains the
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chunk of document data in the desired encoding.
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</p>
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<p>
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<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">write</span></code> function is called
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with relatively large blocks (size is usually several kilobytes, except for
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the last block that may be small), so there is often no need for additional
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buffering in the implementation.
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</p>
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<p>
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|
|
This is a simple example of custom writer for saving document data to STL
|
||
|
|
string (<a href="../samples/save_custom_writer.cpp" target="_top">samples/save_custom_writer.cpp</a>);
|
||
|
|
read the sample code for more complex examples:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">xml_string_writer</span><span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">xml_writer</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">string</span> <span class="identifier">result</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">write</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">data</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">size_t</span> <span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">+=</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">string</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">*>(</span><span class="identifier">data</span><span class="special">),</span> <span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="section">
|
||
|
|
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||
|
|
<a name="manual.saving.subtree"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html#manual.saving.subtree" title="Saving a single subtree"> Saving a single subtree</a>
|
||
|
|
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||
|
|
<a name="xml_node::print"></a><a name="xml_node::print_stream"></a><p>
|
||
|
|
While the previously described functions save the whole document to the destination,
|
||
|
|
it is easy to save a single subtree. The following functions are provided:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">xml_node</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">print</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ostream</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">os</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">xml_encoding</span> <span class="identifier">encoding</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">depth</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">xml_node</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">print</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">wostream</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">os</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">depth</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">xml_node</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">print</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">xml_writer</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">writer</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">char_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">indent</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">flags</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">format_default</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">xml_encoding</span> <span class="identifier">encoding</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">depth</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
These functions have the same arguments with the same meaning as the corresponding
|
||
|
|
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save</span></code> functions, and allow you to save the
|
||
|
|
subtree to either a C++ IOstream or to any object that implements <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_writer</span></code> interface.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
Saving a subtree differs from saving the whole document: the process behaves
|
||
|
|
as if <a class="link" href="saving.html#format_write_bom">format_write_bom</a> is off, and
|
||
|
|
<a class="link" href="saving.html#format_no_declaration">format_no_declaration</a> is on,
|
||
|
|
even if actual values of the flags are different. This means that BOM is
|
||
|
|
not written to the destination, and document declaration is only written
|
||
|
|
if it is the node itself or is one of node's children. Note that this also
|
||
|
|
holds if you're saving a document; this example (<a href="../samples/save_subtree.cpp" target="_top">samples/save_subtree.cpp</a>)
|
||
|
|
illustrates the difference:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">// get a test document
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">xml_document</span> <span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">load</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"<foo bar='baz'><call>hey</call></foo>"</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// print document to standard output (prints <?xml version="1.0"?><foo bar="baz"><call>hey</call></foo>)
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="string">""</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_raw</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// print document to standard output as a regular node (prints <foo bar="baz"><call>hey</call></foo>)
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">print</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="string">""</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_raw</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// print a subtree to standard output (prints <call>hey</call>)
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">child</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"foo"</span><span class="special">).</span><span class="identifier">child</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"call"</span><span class="special">).</span><span class="identifier">print</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="string">""</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_raw</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="section">
|
||
|
|
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||
|
|
<a name="manual.saving.options"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html#manual.saving.options" title="Output options"> Output options</a>
|
||
|
|
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
All saving functions accept the optional parameter <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">flags</span></code>.
|
||
|
|
This is a bitmask that customizes the output format; you can select the way
|
||
|
|
the document nodes are printed and select the needed additional information
|
||
|
|
that is output before the document contents.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note">
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../images/note.png"></td>
|
||
|
|
<th align="left">Note</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
|
||
|
|
You should use the usual bitwise arithmetics to manipulate the bitmask:
|
||
|
|
to enable a flag, use <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mask</span> <span class="special">|</span> <span class="identifier">flag</span></code>;
|
||
|
|
to disable a flag, use <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mask</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">flag</span></code>.
|
||
|
|
</p></td></tr>
|
||
|
|
</table></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
These flags control the resulting tree contents:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
|
||
|
|
<li class="listitem">
|
||
|
|
<a name="format_indent"></a><code class="literal">format_indent</code> determines if all nodes
|
||
|
|
should be indented with the indentation string (this is an additional
|
||
|
|
parameter for all saving functions, and is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="string">"\t"</span></code>
|
||
|
|
by default). If this flag is on, before every node the indentation string
|
||
|
|
is output several times, where the amount of indentation depends on the
|
||
|
|
node's depth relative to the output subtree. This flag has no effect
|
||
|
|
if <a class="link" href="saving.html#format_raw">format_raw</a> is enabled. This flag
|
||
|
|
is <span class="bold"><strong>on</strong></span> by default. <br><br>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
<li class="listitem">
|
||
|
|
<a name="format_raw"></a><code class="literal">format_raw</code> switches between formatted and
|
||
|
|
raw output. If this flag is on, the nodes are not indented in any way,
|
||
|
|
and also no newlines that are not part of document text are printed.
|
||
|
|
Raw mode can be used for serialization where the result is not intended
|
||
|
|
to be read by humans; also it can be useful if the document was parsed
|
||
|
|
with <a class="link" href="loading.html#parse_ws_pcdata">parse_ws_pcdata</a> flag, to
|
||
|
|
preserve the original document formatting as much as possible. This flag
|
||
|
|
is <span class="bold"><strong>off</strong></span> by default. <br><br>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
<li class="listitem">
|
||
|
|
<a name="format_no_escapes"></a><code class="literal">format_no_escapes</code> disables output
|
||
|
|
escaping for attribute values and PCDATA contents. If this flag is on,
|
||
|
|
special symbols (', &, <, >) and all non-printable characters
|
||
|
|
(those with codepoint values less than 32) are converted to XML escape
|
||
|
|
sequences (i.e. &amp;) during output. If this flag is off, no text
|
||
|
|
processing is performed; therefore, output XML can be malformed if output
|
||
|
|
contents contains invalid symbols (i.e. having a stray < in the PCDATA
|
||
|
|
will make the output malformed). This flag is <span class="bold"><strong>on</strong></span>
|
||
|
|
by default.
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</ul></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
These flags control the additional output information:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
|
||
|
|
<li class="listitem">
|
||
|
|
<a name="format_no_declaration"></a><code class="literal">format_no_declaration</code> disables
|
||
|
|
default node declaration output. By default, if the document is saved
|
||
|
|
via <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save</span></code> or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save_file</span></code> function, and it does not
|
||
|
|
have any document declaration, a default declaration is output before
|
||
|
|
the document contents. Enabling this flag disables this declaration.
|
||
|
|
This flag has no effect in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_node</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">print</span></code>
|
||
|
|
functions: they never output the default declaration. This flag is <span class="bold"><strong>off</strong></span> by default. <br><br>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
<li class="listitem">
|
||
|
|
<a name="format_write_bom"></a><code class="literal">format_write_bom</code> enables Byte Order
|
||
|
|
Mark (BOM) output. By default, no BOM is output, so in case of non UTF-8
|
||
|
|
encodings the resulting document's encoding may not be recognized by
|
||
|
|
some parsers and text editors, if they do not implement sophisticated
|
||
|
|
encoding detection. Enabling this flag adds an encoding-specific BOM
|
||
|
|
to the output. This flag has no effect in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_node</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">print</span></code>
|
||
|
|
functions: they never output the BOM. This flag is <span class="bold"><strong>off</strong></span>
|
||
|
|
by default.
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
<li class="listitem">
|
||
|
|
<a name="format_save_file_text"></a><code class="literal">format_save_file_text</code> changes
|
||
|
|
the file mode when using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">save_file</span></code>
|
||
|
|
function. By default, file is opened in binary mode, which means that
|
||
|
|
the output file will contain platform-independent newline \n (ASCII 10).
|
||
|
|
If this flag is on, file is opened in text mode, which on some systems
|
||
|
|
changes the newline format (i.e. on Windows you can use this flag to
|
||
|
|
output XML documents with \r\n (ASCII 13 10) newlines. This flag is
|
||
|
|
<span class="bold"><strong>off</strong></span> by default.
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</ul></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
Additionally, there is one predefined option mask:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem">
|
||
|
|
<a name="format_default"></a><code class="literal">format_default</code> is the default set of
|
||
|
|
flags, i.e. it has all options set to their default values. It sets formatted
|
||
|
|
output with indentation, without BOM and with default node declaration,
|
||
|
|
if necessary.
|
||
|
|
</li></ul></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
This is an example that shows the outputs of different output options (<a href="../samples/save_options.cpp" target="_top">samples/save_options.cpp</a>):
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">// get a test document
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">xml_document</span> <span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">load</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"<foo bar='baz'><call>hey</call></foo>"</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// default options; prints
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <?xml version="1.0"?>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <foo bar="baz">
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <call>hey</call>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// </foo>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// default options with custom indentation string; prints
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <?xml version="1.0"?>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <foo bar="baz">
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// --<call>hey</call>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// </foo>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="string">"--"</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// default options without indentation; prints
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <?xml version="1.0"?>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <foo bar="baz">
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <call>hey</call>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// </foo>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_default</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_indent</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// can also pass "" instead of indentation string for the same effect
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// raw output; prints
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <?xml version="1.0"?><foo bar="baz"><call>hey</call></foo>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_raw</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// raw output without declaration; prints
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <foo bar="baz"><call>hey</call></foo>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="string">"\t"</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_raw</span> <span class="special">|</span> <span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">format_no_declaration</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="section">
|
||
|
|
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||
|
|
<a name="manual.saving.encoding"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html#manual.saving.encoding" title="Encodings"> Encodings</a>
|
||
|
|
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
pugixml supports all popular Unicode encodings (UTF-8, UTF-16 (big and little
|
||
|
|
endian), UTF-32 (big and little endian); UCS-2 is naturally supported since
|
||
|
|
it's a strict subset of UTF-16) and handles all encoding conversions during
|
||
|
|
output. The output encoding is set via the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">encoding</span></code>
|
||
|
|
parameter of saving functions, which is of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_encoding</span></code>.
|
||
|
|
The possible values for the encoding are documented in <a class="xref" href="loading.html#manual.loading.encoding" title="Encodings"> Encodings</a>;
|
||
|
|
the only flag that has a different meaning is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span></code>.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
While all other flags set the exact encoding, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span></code>
|
||
|
|
is meant for automatic encoding detection. The automatic detection does not
|
||
|
|
make sense for output encoding, since there is usually nothing to infer the
|
||
|
|
actual encoding from, so here <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">encoding_auto</span></code>
|
||
|
|
means UTF-8 encoding, which is the most popular encoding for XML data storage.
|
||
|
|
This is also the default value of output encoding; specify another value
|
||
|
|
if you do not want UTF-8 encoded output.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
Also note that wide stream saving functions do not have <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">encoding</span></code>
|
||
|
|
argument and always assume <a class="link" href="loading.html#encoding_wchar">encoding_wchar</a>
|
||
|
|
encoding.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note">
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../images/note.png"></td>
|
||
|
|
<th align="left">Note</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
|
||
|
|
The current behavior for Unicode conversion is to skip all invalid UTF
|
||
|
|
sequences during conversion. This behavior should not be relied upon; if
|
||
|
|
your node/attribute names do not contain any valid UTF sequences, they
|
||
|
|
may be output as if they are empty, which will result in malformed XML
|
||
|
|
document.
|
||
|
|
</p></td></tr>
|
||
|
|
</table></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="section">
|
||
|
|
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||
|
|
<a name="manual.saving.declaration"></a><a class="link" href="saving.html#manual.saving.declaration" title="Customizing document declaration"> Customizing document declaration</a>
|
||
|
|
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
When you are saving the document using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">()</span></code> or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">xml_document</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">save_file</span><span class="special">()</span></code>, a default XML document declaration is
|
||
|
|
output, if <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">format_no_declaration</span></code>
|
||
|
|
is not specified and if the document does not have a declaration node. However,
|
||
|
|
the default declaration is not customizable. If you want to customize the
|
||
|
|
declaration output, you need to create the declaration node yourself.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note">
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../images/note.png"></td>
|
||
|
|
<th align="left">Note</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
|
||
|
|
By default the declaration node is not added to the document during parsing.
|
||
|
|
If you just need to preserve the original declaration node, you have to
|
||
|
|
add the flag <a class="link" href="loading.html#parse_declaration">parse_declaration</a>
|
||
|
|
to the parsing flags; the resulting document will contain the original
|
||
|
|
declaration node, which will be output during saving.
|
||
|
|
</p></td></tr>
|
||
|
|
</table></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
Declaration node is a node with type <a class="link" href="dom.html#node_declaration">node_declaration</a>;
|
||
|
|
it behaves like an element node in that it has attributes with values (but
|
||
|
|
it does not have child nodes). Therefore setting custom version, encoding
|
||
|
|
or standalone declaration involves adding attributes and setting attribute
|
||
|
|
values.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
This is an example that shows how to create a custom declaration node (<a href="../samples/save_declaration.cpp" target="_top">samples/save_declaration.cpp</a>):
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">// get a test document
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">xml_document</span> <span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">load</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"<foo bar='baz'><call>hey</call></foo>"</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// add a custom declaration node
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">xml_node</span> <span class="identifier">decl</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">prepend_child</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">pugi</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">node_declaration</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">decl</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">append_attribute</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"version"</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">decl</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">append_attribute</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"encoding"</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"UTF-8"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">decl</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">append_attribute</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="string">"standalone"</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="string">"no"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="comment">// <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <foo bar="baz">
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// <call>hey</call>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="comment">// </foo>
|
||
|
|
</span><span class="identifier">doc</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">save</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||
|
|
<td align="left"></td>
|
||
|
|
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2012 Arseny Kapoulkine<p>
|
||
|
|
Distributed under the MIT License
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</div></td>
|
||
|
|
</tr></table>
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
<table width="100%"><tr>
|
||
|
|
<td>
|
||
|
|
<a href="http://pugixml.org/">pugixml 1.2</a> manual |
|
||
|
|
<a href="../manual.html">Overview</a> |
|
||
|
|
<a href="install.html">Installation</a> |
|
||
|
|
Document:
|
||
|
|
<a href="dom.html">Object model</a> · <a href="loading.html">Loading</a> · <a href="access.html">Accessing</a> · <a href="modify.html">Modifying</a> · <b>Saving</b> |
|
||
|
|
<a href="xpath.html">XPath</a> |
|
||
|
|
<a href="apiref.html">API Reference</a> |
|
||
|
|
<a href="toc.html">Table of Contents</a>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td width="*" align="right"><div class="spirit-nav">
|
||
|
|
<a accesskey="p" href="modify.html"><img src="../images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../manual.html"><img src="../images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../manual.html"><img src="../images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="xpath.html"><img src="../images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
|
||
|
|
</div></td>
|
||
|
|
</tr></table>
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
|