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We're mostly saying just "curl" in lower case these days so here's a big cleanup to adapt to this reality. A few instances are left as the project could still formally be considered called cURL.
8.7 KiB
How curl Became Like This
Towards the end of 1996, Daniel Stenberg was spending time writing an IRC bot for an Amiga related channel on EFnet. He then came up with the idea to make currency-exchange calculations available to Internet Relay Chat (IRC) users. All the necessary data are published on the Web; he just needed to automate their retrieval.
Daniel simply adopted an existing command-line open-source tool, httpget, that Brazilian Rafael Sagula had written and recently release version 0.1 of. After a few minor adjustments, it did just what he needed.
1997
HttpGet 1.0 was released on April 8th 1997 with brand new HTTP proxy support.
We soon found and fixed support for getting currencies over GOPHER. Once FTP download support was added, the name of the project was changed and urlget 2.0 was released in August 1997. The http-only days were already passed.
1998
The project slowly grew bigger. When upload capabilities were added and the name once again was misleading, a second name change was made and on March 20, 1998 curl 4 was released. (The version numbering from the previous names was kept.)
(Unrelated to this project a company called Curl Corporation registered a US trademark on the name "CURL" on May 18 1998. That company had then already registered the curl.com domain back in November of the previous year. All this was revealed to us much later.)
SSL support was added, powered by the SSLeay library.
August, first announcement of curl on freshmeat.net.
October, with the curl 4.9 release and the introduction of cookie support, curl was no longer released under the GPL license. Now we're at 4000 lines of code, we switched over to the MPL license to restrict the effects of "copyleft".
November, configure script and reported successful compiles on several major operating systems. The never-quite-understood -F option was added and curl could now simulate quite a lot of a browser. TELNET support was added.
Curl 5 was released in December 1998 and introduced the first ever curl man page. People started making Linux RPM packages out of it.
1999
January, DICT support added.
OpenSSL took over where SSLeay was abandoned.
May, first Debian package.
August, LDAP:// and FILE:// support added. The curl web site gets 1300 visits weekly. Moved site to curl.haxx.nu.
Released curl 6.0 in September. 15000 lines of code.
December 28, added the project on Sourceforge and started using its services for managing the project.
2000
Spring 2000, major internal overhaul to provide a suitable library interface. The first non-beta release was named 7.1 and arrived in August. This offered the easy interface and turned out to be the beginning of actually getting other software and programs to get based on and powered by libcurl. Almost 20000 lines of code.
June 2000: the curl site moves to "curl.haxx.se"
August, the curl web site gets 4000 visits weekly.
The PHP guys adopted libcurl already the same month, when the first ever third party libcurl binding showed up. CURL has been a supported module in PHP since the release of PHP 4.0.2. This would soon get followers. More than 16 different bindings exist at the time of this writing.
September, kerberos4 support was added.
In November started the work on a test suite for curl. It was later re-written from scratch again. The libcurl major SONAME number was set to 1.
2001
January, Daniel released curl 7.5.2 under a new license again: MIT (or MPL). The MIT license is extremely liberal and can be used combined with GPL in other projects. This would finally put an end to the "complaints" from people involved in GPLed projects that previously were prohibited from using libcurl while it was released under MPL only. (Due to the fact that MPL is deemed "GPL incompatible".)
curl supports HTTP 1.1 starting with the release of 7.7, March 22 2001. This also introduced libcurl's ability to do persistent connections. 24000 lines of code. The libcurl major SONAME number was bumped to 2 due to this overhaul.
The first experimental ftps:// support was added in March 2001.
August. curl is bundled in Mac OS X, 10.1. It was already becoming more and more of a standard utility of Linux distributions and a regular in the BSD ports collections. The curl web site gets 8000 visits weekly. Curl Corporation contacted Daniel to discuss "the name issue". After Daniel's reply, they have never since got in touch again.
September, libcurl 7.9 introduces cookie jar and curl_formadd(). During the forthcoming 7.9.x releases, we introduced the multi interface slowly and without much whistles.
2002
June, the curl web site gets 13000 visits weekly. curl and libcurl is 35000 lines of code. Reported successful compiles on more than 40 combinations of CPUs and operating systems.
To estimate number of users of the curl tool or libcurl library is next to impossible. Around 5000 downloaded packages each week from the main site gives a hint, but the packages are mirrored extensively, bundled with numerous OS distributions and otherwise retrieved as part of other software.
September, with the release of curl 7.10 it is released under the MIT license only.
2003
January. Started working on the distributed curl tests. The autobuilds.
February, the curl site averages at 20000 visits weekly. At any given moment, there's an average of 3 people browsing the curl.haxx.se site.
Multiple new authentication schemes are supported: Digest (May), NTLM (June) and Negotiate (June).
November: curl 7.10.8 is released. 45000 lines of code. ~55000 unique visitors to the curl.haxx.se site. Five official web mirrors.
December, full-fledged SSL for FTP is supported.
2004
January: curl 7.11.0 introduced large file support.
June: curl 7.12.0 introduced IDN support. 10 official web mirrors.
This release bumped the major SONAME to 3 due to the removal of the curl_formparse() function
August: Curl and libcurl 7.12.1
Public curl release number: 82
Releases counted from the very beginning: 109
Available command line options: 96
Available curl_easy_setopt() options: 120
Number of public functions in libcurl: 36
Amount of public web site mirrors: 12
Number of known libcurl bindings: 26
2005
April. GnuTLS can now optionally be used for the secure layer when curl is built.
April: Added the multi_socket() API
September: TFTP support was added.
More than 100,000 unique visitors of the curl web site. 25 mirrors.
December: security vulnerability: libcurl URL Buffer Overflow
2006
January. We dropped support for Gopher. We found bugs in the implementation that turned out having been introduced years ago, so with the conclusion that nobody had found out in all this time we removed it instead of fixing it.
March: security vulnerability: libcurl TFTP Packet Buffer Overflow
September: The major SONAME number for libcurl was bumped to 4 due to the removal of ftp third party transfer support.
November: Added SCP and SFTP support
2007
February: Added support for the Mozilla NSS library to do the SSL/TLS stuff
July: security vulnerability: libcurl GnuTLS insufficient cert verification
2008
November:
Command line options: 128
curl_easy_setopt() options: 158
Public functions in libcurl: 58
Known libcurl bindings: 37
Contributors: 683
145,000 unique visitors. >100 GB downloaded.
2009
March: security vulnerability: libcurl Arbitrary File Access
August: security vulnerability: libcurl embedded zero in cert name
December: Added support for IMAP, POP3 and SMTP
2010
January: Added support for RTSP
February: security vulnerability: libcurl data callback excessive length
March: The project switched over to use git (hosted by github) instead of CVS for source code control
May: Added support for RTMP
Added support for PolarSSL to do the SSL/TLS stuff
August:
Public curl releases: 117
Command line options: 138
curl_easy_setopt() options: 180
Public functions in libcurl: 58
Known libcurl bindings: 39
Contributors: 808
Gopher support added (re-added actually)
2012
July: Added support for Schannel (native Windows TLS backend) and Darwin SSL (Native Mac OS X and iOS TLS backend).
Supports metalink
October: SSH-agent support.
2013
February: Cleaned up internals to always uses the "multi" non-blocking approach internally and only expose the blocking API with a wrapper.
September: First small steps on supporting HTTP/2 with nghttp2.
October: Removed krb4 support.
December: Happy eyeballs.
2014
March: first real release supporting HTTP/2
September: Web site had 245,000 unique visitors and served 236GB data