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4nes4snes/fournsnes.c

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/* Name: fournsnes.c
* Project: Multiple NES/SNES to USB converter
* Author: Raphael Assenat <raph@raphnet.net>
* Copyright: (C) 2007-2016 Raphael Assenat <raph@raphnet.net>
* License: GPLv2
* Tabsize: 4
*/
#define F_CPU 12000000L
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "gamepad.h"
#include "fournsnes.h"
#define GAMEPAD_BYTES 8 /* 2 byte per snes controller * 4 controllers */
/******** IO port definitions **************/
#define SNES_LATCH_DDR DDRC
#define SNES_LATCH_PORT PORTC
#define SNES_LATCH_BIT (1<<4)
#define SNES_CLOCK_DDR DDRC
#define SNES_CLOCK_PORT PORTC
#define SNES_CLOCK_BIT (1<<5)
#define SNES_DATA_PORT PORTC
#define SNES_DATA_DDR DDRC
#define SNES_DATA_PIN PINC
#define SNES_DATA_BIT1 (1<<3) /* controller 1 */
#define SNES_DATA_BIT2 (1<<2) /* controller 2 */
#define SNES_DATA_BIT3 (1<<1) /* controller 3 */
#define SNES_DATA_BIT4 (1<<0) /* controller 4 */
#define MULTITAP_SELECT_PORT PORTB
#define MULTITAP_SELECT_DDR DDRB
#define MULTITAP_SELECT_PIN PINB
#define MULTITAP_SELECT_BIT (1<<5)
/********* IO port manipulation macros **********/
#define SNES_LATCH_LOW() do { SNES_LATCH_PORT &= ~(SNES_LATCH_BIT); } while(0)
#define SNES_LATCH_HIGH() do { SNES_LATCH_PORT |= SNES_LATCH_BIT; } while(0)
#define SNES_CLOCK_LOW() do { SNES_CLOCK_PORT &= ~(SNES_CLOCK_BIT); } while(0)
#define SNES_CLOCK_HIGH() do { SNES_CLOCK_PORT |= SNES_CLOCK_BIT; } while(0)
#define SNES_GET_DATA1() (SNES_DATA_PIN & SNES_DATA_BIT1)
#define SNES_GET_DATA2() (SNES_DATA_PIN & SNES_DATA_BIT2)
#define SNES_GET_DATA3() (SNES_DATA_PIN & SNES_DATA_BIT3)
#define SNES_GET_DATA4() (SNES_DATA_PIN & SNES_DATA_BIT4)
#define MTAP_SELECT_HIGH() do { MULTITAP_SELECT_PORT |= MULTITAP_SELECT_BIT; } while(0)
#define MTAP_SELECT_LOW() do { MULTITAP_SELECT_PORT &= ~MULTITAP_SELECT_BIT; } while(0)
/*********** prototypes *************/
static void fournsnesInit(void);
static void fournsnesUpdate(void);
static char fournsnesChanged(unsigned char report_id);
static char fournsnesBuildReport(unsigned char *reportBuffer, char report_id);
// the most recent bytes we fetched from the controller
static unsigned char last_read_controller_bytes[GAMEPAD_BYTES];
// the most recently reported bytes
static unsigned char last_reported_controller_bytes[GAMEPAD_BYTES];
// indicates if a controller is in NES mode
static unsigned char nesMode=0; /* Bit0: controller 1, Bit1: controller 2...*/
static unsigned char fourscore_mode = 0;
static unsigned char multitap_mode = 0; // SNES
static unsigned char live_autodetect = 1;
void disableLiveAutodetect(void)
{
live_autodetect = 0;
}
static void autoDetectSNESMultiTap(void)
{
// Detection is done by observing that DATA2 becomes
// low when LATCH is high.
//
// Not sure which state of MTAP_SELECT_HIGH is reliable
// so I'm simply trying with both states.
MTAP_SELECT_LOW();
if (SNES_GET_DATA2()) {
SNES_LATCH_HIGH();
_delay_us(12);
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) {
SNES_LATCH_LOW();
_delay_us(12);
if (SNES_GET_DATA2()) {
multitap_mode = 1;
}
}
}
MTAP_SELECT_HIGH();
if (SNES_GET_DATA2()) {
SNES_LATCH_HIGH();
_delay_us(12);
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) {
SNES_LATCH_LOW();
_delay_us(12);
if (SNES_GET_DATA2()) {
multitap_mode = 1;
}
}
}
}
static void autoDetectFourScore(void)
{
unsigned char dat18th_low = 0;
unsigned char hc=0;
int i;
SNES_LATCH_HIGH();
_delay_us(12);
SNES_LATCH_LOW();
for (i=0; i<24; i++)
{
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) {
if (i==19) {
dat18th_low = 1;
}
}
else {
hc++;
}
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
}
if (dat18th_low && hc == 23) {
// only 18th data bit was low. Looks like a FOUR SCORE.
fourscore_mode = 1;
}
return;
}
static void fournsnesInit(void)
{
unsigned char sreg;
sreg = SREG;
cli();
// clock and latch as output
SNES_LATCH_DDR |= SNES_LATCH_BIT;
SNES_CLOCK_DDR |= SNES_CLOCK_BIT;
// data as input
SNES_DATA_DDR &= ~(SNES_DATA_BIT1 | SNES_DATA_BIT2 | SNES_DATA_BIT3 | SNES_DATA_BIT4 );
// enable pullup. This should prevent random toggling of pins
// when no controller is connected.
SNES_DATA_PORT |= (SNES_DATA_BIT1 | SNES_DATA_BIT2 | SNES_DATA_BIT3 | SNES_DATA_BIT4 );
// clock is normally high
SNES_CLOCK_PORT |= SNES_CLOCK_BIT;
// LATCH is Active HIGH
SNES_LATCH_PORT &= ~(SNES_LATCH_BIT);
MULTITAP_SELECT_DDR |= MULTITAP_SELECT_BIT;
MULTITAP_SELECT_PORT |= MULTITAP_SELECT_BIT;
nesMode = 0;
fournsnesUpdate();
if (!live_autodetect) {
/* Snes controller buttons are sent in this order:
* 1st byte: B Y SEL START UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT
* 2nd byte: A X L R 1 1 1 1
*
* Nes controller buttons are sent in this order:
* One byte: A B SEL START UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT
*
* When an additional byte is read from a NES controller,
* all bits are 0. Because the data signal is active low,
* this corresponds to pressed buttons. When we read
* from the controller for the first time, detect NES
* controllers by checking those 4 bits.
**/
if (last_read_controller_bytes[1]==0xFF)
nesMode |= 1;
if (last_read_controller_bytes[3]==0xFF)
nesMode |= 2;
if (last_read_controller_bytes[5]==0xFF)
nesMode |= 4;
if (last_read_controller_bytes[7]==0xFF)
nesMode |= 8;
}
autoDetectFourScore();
autoDetectSNESMultiTap();
SREG = sreg;
}
static void fournsnesUpdate_fourscore(void)
{
int i;
unsigned char tmp1=0;
unsigned char tmp2=0;
unsigned char tmp3=0;
unsigned char tmp4=0;
SNES_LATCH_HIGH();
_delay_us(12);
SNES_LATCH_LOW();
/* Nes controller buttons are sent in this order:
* One byte: A B SEL START UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT */
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
// FourScore to be connected to ports 1 and 2
tmp1 <<= 1;
tmp2 <<= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp1 |= 1; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp2 |= 1; }
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
}
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
// FourScore to be connected to ports 1 and 2
tmp3 <<= 1;
tmp4 <<= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp3 |= 1; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp4 |= 1; }
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
}
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
}
last_read_controller_bytes[0] = tmp1;
last_read_controller_bytes[1] = tmp2;
last_read_controller_bytes[2] = tmp3;
last_read_controller_bytes[3] = tmp4;
return;
}
/*
*
Clock Cycle Button Reported
=========== ===============
1 B
2 Y
3 Select
4 Start
5 Up on joypad
6 Down on joypad
7 Left on joypad
8 Right on joypad
9 A
10 X
11 L
12 R
13 none (always high)
14 none (always high)
15 none (always high)
16 none (always high)
*
*/
static void fournsnesUpdate(void)
{
int i;
unsigned char tmp1=0;
unsigned char tmp2=0;
unsigned char tmp3=0;
unsigned char tmp4=0;
if (fourscore_mode)
{
fournsnesUpdate_fourscore();
return;
}
if (multitap_mode)
{
SNES_LATCH_HIGH();
_delay_us(12);
SNES_LATCH_LOW();
_delay_us(12);
MTAP_SELECT_HIGH();
_delay_us(6);
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
_delay_us(6);
tmp1 <<= 1;
tmp2 <<= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp1 |= 1; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp2 |= 1; }
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
_delay_us(6);
}
last_read_controller_bytes[0] = tmp1;
last_read_controller_bytes[2] = tmp2;
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
_delay_us(6);
tmp1 >>= 1;
tmp2 >>= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp1 |= 0x80; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp2 |= 0x80; }
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
_delay_us(6);
}
MTAP_SELECT_LOW();
_delay_us(6);
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
_delay_us(6);
tmp3 <<= 1;
tmp4 <<= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp3 |= 1; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp4 |= 1; }
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
_delay_us(6);
}
last_read_controller_bytes[4] = tmp3;
last_read_controller_bytes[6] = tmp4;
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
_delay_us(6);
tmp3 >>= 1;
tmp4 >>= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp3 |= 0x80; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp4 |= 0x80; }
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
_delay_us(6);
}
}
else // standard mode (not multitap)
{
SNES_LATCH_HIGH();
_delay_us(12);
SNES_LATCH_LOW();
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
tmp1 <<= 1;
tmp2 <<= 1;
tmp3 <<= 1;
tmp4 <<= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp1 |= 1; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp2 |= 1; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA3()) { tmp3 |= 1; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA4()) { tmp4 |= 1; }
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
}
last_read_controller_bytes[0] = tmp1;
last_read_controller_bytes[2] = tmp2;
last_read_controller_bytes[4] = tmp3;
last_read_controller_bytes[6] = tmp4;
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_LOW();
// notice that this is different from above. We
// want the bits to be in reverse-order
tmp1 >>= 1;
tmp2 >>= 1;
tmp3 >>= 1;
tmp4 >>= 1;
if (!SNES_GET_DATA1()) { tmp1 |= 0x80; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA2()) { tmp2 |= 0x80; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA3()) { tmp3 |= 0x80; }
if (!SNES_GET_DATA4()) { tmp4 |= 0x80; }
_delay_us(6);
SNES_CLOCK_HIGH();
}
}
if (live_autodetect) {
if (tmp1==0xFF)
nesMode |= 1;
else
nesMode &= ~1;
if (tmp2==0xFF)
nesMode |= 2;
else
nesMode &= ~2;
if (tmp3==0xFF)
nesMode |= 4;
else
nesMode &= ~4;
if (tmp4==0xFF)
nesMode |= 8;
else
nesMode &= ~8;
}
/* Force extra bits to 0 when in NES mode. Otherwise, if
* we read zeros on the wire, we will have permanantly
* pressed buttons */
last_read_controller_bytes[1] = (nesMode & 1) ? 0x00 : tmp1;
last_read_controller_bytes[3] = (nesMode & 2) ? 0x00 : tmp2;
last_read_controller_bytes[5] = (nesMode & 4) ? 0x00 : tmp3;
last_read_controller_bytes[7] = (nesMode & 8) ? 0x00 : tmp4;
}
static char fournsnesChanged(unsigned char report_id)
{
report_id--; // first report is 1
if (fourscore_mode) {
return last_read_controller_bytes[report_id] != last_reported_controller_bytes[report_id];
}
return memcmp( &last_read_controller_bytes[report_id<<1],
&last_reported_controller_bytes[report_id<<1],
2);
}
static char getX(unsigned char nesByte1)
{
char x = 128;
if (nesByte1&0x1) { x = 255; }
if (nesByte1&0x2) { x = 0; }
return x;
}
static char getY(unsigned char nesByte1)
{
char y = 128;
if (nesByte1&0x4) { y = 255; }
if (nesByte1&0x8) { y = 0; }
return y;
}
/* Move the bits around so that identical NES and SNES buttons
* use the same USB button IDs. */
static unsigned char nesReorderButtons(unsigned char raw)
{
unsigned char v;
v = (raw & 0x80) >> 3;
v |= (raw & 0x40) >> 6;
v |= (raw & 0x20) >> 3;
v |= (raw & 0x10) >> 1;
return v;
}
static unsigned char snesReorderButtons(unsigned char bytes[2])
{
unsigned char v;
/* pack the snes button bits, which are on two bytes, in
* one single byte. */
v = (bytes[0]&0x80)>>7;
v |= (bytes[0]&0x40)>>5;
v |= (bytes[0]&0x20)>>3;
v |= (bytes[0]&0x10)>>1;
v |= (bytes[1]&0x0f)<<4;
return v;
}
static char fournsnesBuildReport(unsigned char *reportBuffer, char id)
{
int idx;
if (id < 0 || id > 4)
return 0;
/* last_read_controller_bytes[] structure:
*
* [0] : controller 1, 8 first bits (dpad + start + sel + y|a + b)
* [1] : controller 1, 8 snes extra bits (4 lower bits are buttons)
*
* [2] : controller 2, 8 first bits
* [3] : controller 2, 4 extra snes buttons
*
* [4] : controller 3, 8 first bits
* [5] : controller 3, 4 extra snes buttons
*
* [6] : controller 4, 8 first bits
* [7] : controller 4, 4 extra snes buttons
*
*
* last_read_controller_bytes[] structure in FOUR SCORE mode:
*
* A B SEL START UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT
*
* [0] : NES controller 1 data
* [1] : NES controller 2 data
* [2] : NES controller 3 data
* [3] : NES controller 4 data
*
*/
if (fourscore_mode) {
idx = id - 1;
if (reportBuffer != NULL)
{
reportBuffer[0]=id;
reportBuffer[1]=getX(last_read_controller_bytes[idx]);
reportBuffer[2]=getY(last_read_controller_bytes[idx]);
reportBuffer[3] = nesReorderButtons(last_read_controller_bytes[idx]);
}
last_reported_controller_bytes[idx] = last_read_controller_bytes[idx];
return 4;
}
idx = id - 1;
if (reportBuffer != NULL)
{
reportBuffer[0]=id;
reportBuffer[1]=getX(last_read_controller_bytes[idx*2]);
reportBuffer[2]=getY(last_read_controller_bytes[idx*2]);
if (nesMode & (0x01<<idx))
reportBuffer[3] = nesReorderButtons(last_read_controller_bytes[idx*2]);
else
reportBuffer[3] = snesReorderButtons(&last_read_controller_bytes[idx*2]);
}
memcpy(&last_reported_controller_bytes[idx*2],
&last_read_controller_bytes[idx*2],
2);
return 4;
}
const char fournsnes_usbHidReportDescriptor[] PROGMEM = {
/* Controller and report_id 1 */
0x05, 0x01, // USAGE_PAGE (Generic Desktop)
0x09, 0x04, // USAGE (Joystick)
0xa1, 0x01, // COLLECTION (Application)
0x09, 0x01, // USAGE (Pointer)
0xa1, 0x00, // COLLECTION (Physical)
0x85, 0x01, // REPORT_ID (1)
0x09, 0x30, // USAGE (X)
0x09, 0x31, // USAGE (Y)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x26, 0xff, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (255)
0x75, 0x08, // REPORT_SIZE (8)
0x95, 0x02, // REPORT_COUNT (2)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0x05, 0x09, // USAGE_PAGE (Button)
0x19, 1, // USAGE_MINIMUM (Button 1)
0x29, 8, // USAGE_MAXIMUM (Button 8)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x25, 0x01, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (1)
0x75, 1, // REPORT_SIZE (1)
0x95, 8, // REPORT_COUNT (8)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
/* Controller and report_id 2 */
0x05, 0x01, // USAGE_PAGE (Generic Desktop)
0x09, 0x04, // USAGE (Joystick)
0xa1, 0x01, // COLLECTION (Application)
0x09, 0x01, // USAGE (Pointer)
0xa1, 0x00, // COLLECTION (Physical)
0x85, 0x02, // REPORT_ID (2)
0x09, 0x30, // USAGE (X)
0x09, 0x31, // USAGE (Y)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x26, 0xff, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (255)
0x75, 0x08, // REPORT_SIZE (8)
0x95, 0x02, // REPORT_COUNT (2)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0x05, 0x09, // USAGE_PAGE (Button)
0x19, 1, // USAGE_MINIMUM (Button 1)
0x29, 8, // USAGE_MAXIMUM (Button 8)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x25, 0x01, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (1)
0x75, 1, // REPORT_SIZE (1)
0x95, 8, // REPORT_COUNT (8)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
/* Controller and report_id 3 */
0x05, 0x01, // USAGE_PAGE (Generic Desktop)
0x09, 0x04, // USAGE (Joystick)
0xa1, 0x01, // COLLECTION (Application)
0x09, 0x01, // USAGE (Pointer)
0xa1, 0x00, // COLLECTION (Physical)
0x85, 0x03, // REPORT_ID (3)
0x09, 0x30, // USAGE (X)
0x09, 0x31, // USAGE (Y)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x26, 0xff, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (255)
0x75, 0x08, // REPORT_SIZE (8)
0x95, 0x02, // REPORT_COUNT (2)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0x05, 0x09, // USAGE_PAGE (Button)
0x19, 1, // USAGE_MINIMUM (Button 1)
0x29, 8, // USAGE_MAXIMUM (Button 8)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x25, 0x01, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (1)
0x75, 1, // REPORT_SIZE (1)
0x95, 8, // REPORT_COUNT (8)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
/* Controller and report_id 4 */
0x05, 0x01, // USAGE_PAGE (Generic Desktop)
0x09, 0x04, // USAGE (Joystick)
0xa1, 0x01, // COLLECTION (Application)
0x09, 0x01, // USAGE (Pointer)
0xa1, 0x00, // COLLECTION (Physical)
0x85, 0x04, // REPORT_ID (4)
0x09, 0x30, // USAGE (X)
0x09, 0x31, // USAGE (Y)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x26, 0xff, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (255)
0x75, 0x08, // REPORT_SIZE (8)
0x95, 0x02, // REPORT_COUNT (2)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0x05, 0x09, // USAGE_PAGE (Button)
0x19, 1, // USAGE_MINIMUM (Button 1)
0x29, 8, // USAGE_MAXIMUM (Button 8)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x25, 0x01, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (1)
0x75, 1, // REPORT_SIZE (1)
0x95, 8, // REPORT_COUNT (8)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
0xc0, // END_COLLECTION
};
Gamepad SnesGamepad = {
.num_reports = 4,
.reportDescriptorSize = sizeof(fournsnes_usbHidReportDescriptor),
.init = fournsnesInit,
.update = fournsnesUpdate,
.changed = fournsnesChanged,
.buildReport = fournsnesBuildReport
};
Gamepad *fournsnesGetGamepad(void)
{
SnesGamepad.reportDescriptor = (void*)fournsnes_usbHidReportDescriptor;
return &SnesGamepad;
}
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