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372 lines
17 KiB
XML
372 lines
17 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
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<!DOCTYPE xep SYSTEM 'xep.dtd' [
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<!ENTITY % ents SYSTEM 'xep.ent'>
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%ents;
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]>
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<?xml-stylesheet type='text/xsl' href='xep.xsl'?>
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<xep>
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<header>
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<title>Field Standardization for Data Forms</title>
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<abstract>This document specifies how to standardize field variables used in the context of jabber:x:data forms.</abstract>
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&LEGALNOTICE;
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<number>0068</number>
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<status>Active</status>
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<type>Informational</type>
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<sig>Standards</sig>
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<dependencies>
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<spec>XMPP Core</spec>
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<spec>XEP-0004</spec>
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</dependencies>
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<supersedes/>
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<supersededby/>
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<shortname>formtypes</shortname>
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<registry/>
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&hildjj;
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&stpeter;
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<revision>
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<version>1.1</version>
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<date>2004-07-07</date>
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<initials>psa</initials>
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<remark>Specified ability to standardize field option values.</remark>
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</revision>
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<revision>
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<version>1.0</version>
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<date>2003-08-18</date>
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<initials>psa</initials>
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<remark>Per a vote of the Jabber Council, advanced status to Active.</remark>
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</revision>
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<revision>
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<version>0.3</version>
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<date>2003-06-05</date>
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<initials>psa</initials>
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<remark>Specified rules regarding registration and naming of FORM_TYPEs and associated fields.</remark>
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</revision>
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<revision>
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<version>0.2</version>
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<date>2003-05-09</date>
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<initials>psa</initials>
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<remark>Clarified the relation of FORM_TYPE to registered namespaces; defined registry format; added IQ example.</remark>
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</revision>
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<revision>
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<version>0.1</version>
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<date>2003-01-22</date>
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<initials>jjh</initials>
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<remark>Initial version.</remark>
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</revision>
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</header>
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<section1 topic='Introduction' anchor='intro'>
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<p>Now that &xep0004; has been finalized, several uses of jabber:x:data forms have been put on the standards track, including &xep0045;. These protocols typically need a way to gather data from both humans (using a GUI format) and computer processes (using a pre-defined but flexible format).</p>
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<p>The 'jabber:x:data' namespace provides an adequate mechanism for both of these uses, as long as computer processes can rely on the var="" names on a particular type of form.</p>
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<p>This document proposes a specific mechanism for the ®ISTRAR; to standardize these form field variable names. Thus this document enables existing clients to process forms as they have to this point, but enables protocol authors to specify a mechanism for non-GUI processors of those forms to determine the semantic meanings of those forms.</p>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='Requirements' anchor='reqs'>
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<ol>
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<li>Forms must continue to be presentable to humans for data entry.</li>
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<li>Jabber clients that know how to process generic jabber:x:data messages must be supported; the basic format of jabber:x:data must not change.</li>
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<li>If a form type is used in the context of a standards-track protocol, it should be standardized and registered; however, there is no requirement that all form types must be registered (e.g., form types used in custom applications).</li>
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<li>If a form type is standardized and registered, field names used in the context of that form type must either be standardized as well or else be clearly labeled as unregistered.</li>
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<li>Forms that are not directed <em>to</em> an entity must be able to traverse the entity (e.g., a form sent to a MUC room, intended for the participants of the room, and not the room itself).</li>
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<li>Forms must continue to be flexible for implementations; unknown future expansion fields must not be limited.</li>
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<li>The chosen approach must work for forms embedded in messages as well as in IQs.</li>
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</ol>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='Approach' anchor='approach'>
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<section2 topic='Overview' anchor='approach-overview'>
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<p>Within Jabber, namespaces are used to scope data that conforms to a schema (often data that extends the core protocol in some fashion). In addition, namespaces can also provide context for the field variable names used in jabber:x:data forms and reports. This proposal makes that link explicit by defining a mechanism for linking a namespace name with a form and the field names and types used in that form. Specifically, the namespace name is specified in the form as the value of a hidden variable called "FORM_TYPE".</p>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='Whether to Register' anchor='approach-register'>
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<p>The first decision-point is whether a FORM_TYPE needs to be registered with the XMPP Registrar. The following rules apply:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>If the FORM_TYPE is used in the context of a form defined in a XEP published by the &XSF;, it MUST be registered.</li>
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<li>If the FORM_TYPE is used in the context of some other XMPP protocol but the form is not defined in a XEP, it MAY be registered.</li>
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<li>If the FORM_TYPE is used in the context of a custom protocol, it MAY be registered.</li>
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</ol>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='Naming Convention' anchor='approach-naming'>
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<p>While the value of the FORM_TYPE attribute SHOULD be considered an opaque string from the application perspective, the following rules apply:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>For custom protocols, the name SHOULD be an HTTP URI that is managed by the namespace "owner".</li>
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<li>For all new protocols approved by the XSF, the name MUST be an HTTP URI or IETF-style URN.</li>
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<li>For "legacy" protocols managed by the XSF, the name SHOULD use the old-style "jabber:*:*" format.</li>
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</ol>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='Field Names' anchor='approach-fieldnames'>
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<p>For FORM_TYPEs that are registered with the XMPP Registrar, the field names MUST conform to one of the following two conditions:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>If the field name is defined by the relevant XEP or by registration, the field name MUST be registered with the XMPP Registrar and MAY have any name (except a name that begins with "x-"), subject to approval by the XMPP Registrar.</li>
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<li>If the field name is unregistered, the field name MUST begin with "x-".</li>
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</ol>
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<p>If the FORM_TYPE is not registered, the field name MAY have any name (presumably managed by the namespace "owner").</p>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='Field Values' anchor='approach-values'>
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<p>Field values may also be registered; refer to the <link url='registrar'>XMPP Registrar</link> section of this document.</p>
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</section2>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='Use Cases' anchor='usecases'>
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<section2 topic='Unspecified Form' anchor='usecases-unspecified'>
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<p>These are forms that do not have a hidden field of name FORM_TYPE.
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Existing processing rules still apply.</p>
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<example caption='Message with no FORM_TYPE'><![CDATA[
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<message
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from='juliet@capulet.com/balcony'
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to='romeo@montague.net/garden'>
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<thread>vote-thread-reatmon-134</thread>
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<x xmlns='jabber:x:data' type='form'>
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<title>Vote #134</title>
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<instructions>
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This is the vote to pick a new mascot.
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Thanks for your time!
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</instructions>
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<field var='mascot' type='list-single'>
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<required/>
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<option label='Light Bulb'><value>light_bulb</value></option>
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<option label='Penguin'><value>penguin</value></option>
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<option label='Moose'><value>moose</value></option>
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<option label='Triangle Man'><value>triangle_man</value></option>
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<option label='Other'><value>other</value></option>
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</field>
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</x>
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</message>
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]]></example>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='Correctly Specified FORM_TYPE' anchor='usecases-correct'>
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<p>In the following example, the FORM_TYPE is 'http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub', and all of the fields whose var names start with "pubsub#" would be registered with the XMPP Registrar, associated with that namespace.</p>
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<example caption='Message with FORM_TYPE'><![CDATA[
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<message to="node-owner" from="pubsub.jabber.org">
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<x xmlns="jabber:x:data" type="form">
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<title>PubSub subscriber request</title>
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<instructions>To approve this entity's subscription request,
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click the OK button. To deny the request, click the
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cancel button.</instructions>
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<field var="FORM_TYPE" type="hidden">
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<value>http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub</value>
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</field>
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<field var="pubsub#node" type="hidden">
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<value>generic/pgm-mp3-player</value>
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</field>
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<field var="pubsub#subscriber_jid" type="jid-single"
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label="Jabber ID of Subscriber">
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<value>sub1@foo.com</value>
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</field>
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<field var="x-time_restrictions" type="text-multi"
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label="Limit to these time ranges">
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<value>09:00-12:00</value>
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<value>13:00-17:00</value>
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</field>
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</x>
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</message>
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]]></example>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='Incorrectly Specified FORM_TYPE' anchor='usecases-incorrect'>
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<p>If the FORM_TYPE field is not hidden, it MUST be ignored as a
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context indicator.</p>
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<example caption='Message with bad FORM_TYPE'><![CDATA[
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<message to="juliet@capulet.com" from="romeo@montague.net/garden">
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<x xmlns="jabber:x:data" type="form">
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<title>Balcony Scene (Act 2, Scene 2)</title>
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<instructions>But soft! What light through yonder window breaks?</instructions>
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<!-- Not hidden. Treated as any other text-single field: -->
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<field var="FORM_TYPE" type="text-single">
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<value>http://jabber.org/protocol/shakespeare</value>
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</field>
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<field var="light" type="list-multi">
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<option label="Juliet">Sun</option>
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<option lable="Maid">Moon</option>
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<option label="Eyes">Stars</option>
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</field>
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</x>
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</message>
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]]></example>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='Message with Bad Field' anchor='usecases-badfield'>
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<p>When a FORM_TYPE is specified correctly, and an unknown field is found whose name does not start with "x-", a receiver MAY respond with an "Not Acceptable" error.</p>
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<example caption='Message with bad field'><![CDATA[
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<message to="juliet@capulet.com" from="romeo@montague.net/garden">
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<x xmlns="jabber:x:data" type="form">
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<title>Balcony Scene (Act 2, Scene 2)</title>
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<instructions>But soft! What light through yonder window breaks?</instructions>
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<field var="FORM_TYPE" type="hidden">
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<value>http://jabber.org/protocol/shakespeare</value>
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</field>
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<field var="light" type="list-multi">
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<option label="Juliet">Sun</option>
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<option lable="Maid">Moon</option>
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<option label="Eyes">Stars</option>
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</field>
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</x>
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</message>
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<message from="juliet@capulet.com" to="romeo@montague.net/garden" type="error">
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<error code="406" type='modify'>
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<not-acceptable xmlns='urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-stanzas'/>
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<text xmlns='urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-stanzas'>
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The field "light" is not acceptable.
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</text>
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</error>
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</message>
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]]></example>
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</section2>
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<section2 topic='IQ Example' anchor='usecases-IQ'>
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<p>The following example shows a user's interaction with a Multi-User Chat room in order to register with the room.</p>
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<example caption='User Requests Registration Requirements'><![CDATA[
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<iq
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from='hag66@shakespeare.lit/pda'
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to='darkcave@macbeth.shakespeare.lit'
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type='get'
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id='reg1'>
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<query xmlns='jabber:iq:register'/>
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</iq>
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]]></example>
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<example caption='Service Returns Registration Form'><![CDATA[
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<iq
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type='result'
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from='darkcave@macbeth.shakespeare.lit'
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to='hag66@shakespeare.lit/pda'
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id='reg1'>
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<query xmlns='jabber:iq:register'>
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<instructions>
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To register on the web, visit http://shakespeare.lit/
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</instructions>
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<x xmlns='jabber:x:data' type='form'>
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<title>Dark Cave Registration</title>
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<instructions>
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Please provide the following information
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to register with this room.
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</instructions>
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<field
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type='hidden'
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var='FORM_TYPE'>
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<value>http://jabber.org/protocol/muc#user</value>
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</field>
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<field
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type='text-single'
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label='First Name'
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var='muc#user_first'>
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<required/>
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</field>
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<field
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type='text-single'
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label='Last Name'
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var='muc#user_last'>
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<required/>
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</field>
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<field
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type='text-single'
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label='Desired Nickname'
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var='muc#user_roomnick'>
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<required/>
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</field>
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<field
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type='text-single'
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label='Your URL'
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var='muc#user_url'/>
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<field
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type='text-single'
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label='Email Address'
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var='muc#user_email'/>
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<field
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type='text-multi'
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label='FAQ Entry'
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var='muc#user_faqentry'/>
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</x>
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</query>
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</iq>
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]]></example>
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<example caption='User Submits Registration Form'><![CDATA[
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<iq
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type='set'
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from='hag66@shakespeare.lit/pda'
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to='darkcave@macbeth.shakespeare.lit'
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id='reg2'>
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<query xmlns='jabber:iq:register'>
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<x xmlns='jabber:x:data' type='submit'>
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<field var='FORM_TYPE'>
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<value>http://jabber.org/protocol/muc#user</value>
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</field>
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<field var='muc#user_first'>
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<value>Brunhilde</value>
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</field>
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<field var='muc#user_last'>
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<value>Entwhistle-Throckmorton</value>
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</field>
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<field var='muc#user_roomnick'>
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<value>thirdwitch</value>
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</field>
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<field var='muc#user_url'>
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<value>http://witchesonline/~hag66/</value>
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</field>
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<field var='muc#user_email'>
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<value>hag66@witchesonline</value>
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</field>
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<field var='muc#user_faqentry'>
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<value>Just another witch.</value>
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</field>
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</x>
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</query>
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</iq>
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]]></example>
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</section2>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='Implementation Notes' anchor='impl'>
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<p>If the FORM_TYPE field is not type="hidden", it does not have the special meaning defined herein.</p>
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<p>If the form is used in an IQ, the namespace of the <query/> element SHOULD match the base namespace of the FORM_TYPE. (One possible way of solving this problem would have been to reuse the <query/> tag from the IQ form of jabber:x:data within messages, but that would have meant that existing clients would not have been able to participate in these exchanges.)</p>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='Error Codes' anchor='errors'>
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<p>If the receiving entity believes that a specified field is invalid for the given FORM_TYPE, the receiver MAY respond to the sender with a "Not Acceptable" error; alternatively, the receiver MAY choose to ignore unknown fields.</p>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='Security Considerations' anchor='security'>
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<p>Security-conscious programs that are using this approach should be careful to process only agreed-upon fields, with agreed-upon types, or "x-" fields that are understood by a particular implementation and a user of that implementation.</p>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='IANA Considerations' anchor='iana'>
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<p>This document requires no interaction with &IANA; for now. However, if this document is submitted to the IETF later, IANA should be used to standardize the field names rather than the XMPP Registrar.</p>
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</section1>
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<section1 topic='XMPP Registrar Considerations' anchor='registrar'>
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<section2 topic='Registries' anchor='registrar-reg'>
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<section3 topic='FORM_TYPEs Registry' anchor='registrar-reg-formtypes'>
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<p>The XMPP Registrar shall maintain a registry of information about submitted FORM_TYPEs.</p>
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<section4 topic='Process' anchor='registrar-reg-formtypes-process'>
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®PROCESS;
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<code><![CDATA[
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<form_type>
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<name>FORM_TYPE namespace or namespace derivative</name>
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<doc>associated specification</doc>
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<desc>natural-language description of form type</desc>
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<field
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var='the_field_name'
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type='the_field_type'
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label='natural-language description of field'/>
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</form_type>
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]]></code>
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<p>The registrant MAY register more than one FORM_TYPE at a time, each contained in a separate <form_type/> element. The registrant MAY also register more than one field at a time, each contained in a separate <field/> child element. Registrations of new fields within an existing FORM_TYPE MUST include the full XML snippet but SHOULD NOT include the FORM_TYPE description (only the name and the XEP number or other document identifier). Note that for ease of use the format for the <field/> element in the registry submission is the same as that defined in XEP-0004; in addition, the value of the 'type' attribute MUST be one of those defined in that XEP-0004.</p>
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<p>In addition, a registrant MAY also register particular field option values for fields of type 'list-single' and 'list-multi'. The format for such submissions is as follows:</p>
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<code><![CDATA[
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<form_type>
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<name>FORM_TYPE namespace or namespace derivative</name>
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<doc>associated XEP or other document</doc>
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<desc>natural-language description of form type</desc>
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<field
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var='the_field_name'
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type='the_field_type'
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label='natural-language description of field'>
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<option label='natural-language description of option'>
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<value>the_value</value>
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</option>
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</field>
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</form_type>
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]]></code>
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</section4>
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</section3>
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</section2>
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</section1>
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</xep>
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