diff --git a/tools/validate-xep0001-conformance.sh b/tools/validate-xep0001-conformance.sh
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+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Checks if provided file (filename to be provided as first argument) conforms to XEP-0001.
+# See https://github.com/xsf/xeps/issues/1235
+#
+# Expected to be executed from the directory that holds all xep XML files.
+# Requires one argument: the file name of the xep to be validated, eg:
+#
+# $ tools/validate-xep0001-conformance.sh xep-0010.xml
+#
+# exit status will be non-zero upon validation failure.
+#
+# requires: bash, xmllint, sort (supporting the '-V' argument)
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+validation_result=0
+
+# 1. Check DTD conformance against xep.dtd
+xep_dtd="xep.dtd"
+if xmllint --noout --dtdvalid "$xep_dtd" "$1"
+then
+  echo "[PASS] DTD conformance against xep.dtd"
+else
+  echo "[FAIL] DTD conformance against xep.dtd"
+  validation_result=1;
+fi
+
+file_name=$(basename -- "$1")
+
+# The test for exit code equalling 10 detects when the XPATH evaluation yields no results. In that case, the execution
+# should not fail immediately, but use an empty value instead (which will likely cause a validation failure further down).
+header_number=$(xmllint --xpath '/xep/header/number/text()' --nowarning --dtdvalid "$xep_dtd" "$1") || test $?=10
+header_status=$(xmllint --xpath '/xep/header/status/text()' --nowarning --dtdvalid "$xep_dtd" "$1") || test $?=10
+header_type=$(xmllint --xpath '/xep/header/type/text()' --nowarning --dtdvalid "$xep_dtd" "$1") || test $?=10
+header_approver=$(xmllint --xpath '/xep/header/approver/text()' --nowarning --dtdvalid "$xep_dtd" "$1") || test $?=10
+header_revisions=$(xmllint --xpath '/xep/header/revision/version/text()' --nowarning --dtdvalid "$xep_dtd" "$1") || test $?=10
+processing_instructions=$(xmllint --xpath '/processing-instruction("xml-stylesheet")' --nowarning --dtdvalid "$xep_dtd" "$1") || test $?=10
+
+if echo "$file_name" | grep -Eq "^xep-[0-9]{4}.xml$"
+then
+  echo "[INFO] The filename ('$file_name') matches 'xep-[0-9]{4}.xml'."
+  # 2. If the filename matches xep-[0-9]{4}.xml, check:
+  # 2.1 that the number in the filename equals /xep/header/number (XPath)
+  if [ "$file_name" = "xep-$header_number.xml" ]
+  then
+    echo "[PASS] The number in the filename ('$file_name') equals XPATH value /xep/header/number/text() ('$header_number')."
+  else
+    echo "[FAIL] The number in the filename ('$file_name') does not equals XPATH value /xep/header/number/text() ('$header_number') (but should)."
+    validation_result=1
+  fi
+else
+  echo "[INFO] The filename ('$file_name') does not match 'xep-[0-9]{4}.xml'."
+  # 3. If the filename does not match xep-[0-9]{4}.xml, check:
+  # 3.1 That the /xep/header/status/text() (XPath) is ProtoXEP
+  if [ "$header_status" = "ProtoXEP" ]
+  then
+    echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/status/text() ('$header_status') equals 'ProtoXEP'."
+  else
+    echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/status/text() ('$header_status') does not equal 'ProtoXEP' (but should)."
+    validation_result=1
+  fi
+
+  # 3.2 That the /xep/header/number/text() (XPath) is literally XXXX
+  if [ "$header_number" = "XXXX" ]
+  then
+    echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/number/text() ('$header_status') equals 'XXXX'."
+  else
+    echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/number/text() ('$header_status') does not equal 'XXXX' (but should)."
+    validation_result=1
+  fi
+
+  # 3.3 That the name does not start with xep-[0-9]
+  if echo "$file_name" | grep -Eq "^xep-[0-9].*$"
+  then
+    echo "[FAIL] The filename ('$file_name') starts with 'xep-[0-9]' (but should not)."
+    validation_result=1
+  else
+    echo "[PASS] The filename ('$file_name') does not start with 'xep-[0-9]'."
+  fi
+fi
+
+# 4. Check that /xep/header/status/text() (XPath) is a defined status (see tools/xeplib.py for an enum)
+case $header_status in
+  ProtoXEP | Experimental | Proposed | Draft | Active | Final | Retracted | Obsolete | Deferred | Rejected | Deprecated )
+    echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/status/text() ('$header_status') equals a defined status."
+    ;;
+  *)
+    echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/status/text() ('$header_status') does not equals a defined status (but should)."
+    validation_result=1
+    ;;
+esac
+
+# 5. Check that /xep/header/type/text() (XPath) is defined in XEP-0001
+#    If the XEP number is less than 400, also accept some legacy values. To find which, see which you encounter in the XEP numbers below 400 :-).
+
+# FIXME: lots of duplications here. Find a better solution.
+case $file_name in
+  'xep-0001.xml' | 'xep-0002.xml' | 'xep-0019.xml' | 'xep-0053.xml' | 'xep-0143.xml' | 'xep-0182.xml' | 'xep-0345.xml' | 'xep-0381.xml' | 'xep-0429.xml' | 'xep-0458.xml' )
+    case $header_type in
+      Historical | Humorous | Informational | Organizational | 'Standards Track' | 'Procedural' )
+        echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') equals a defined type."
+        ;;
+      *)
+        echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') does not equals a defined type (but should)."
+        validation_result=1
+        ;;
+    esac
+    ;;
+  'xep-0006.xml' | 'xep-0010.xml' | 'xep-0069.xml' | 'xep-0139.xml' )
+    case $header_type in
+      Historical | Humorous | Informational | Organizational | 'Standards Track' | 'SIG Formation' )
+        echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') equals a defined type."
+        ;;
+      *)
+        echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') does not equals a defined type (but should)."
+        validation_result=1
+        ;;
+    esac
+    ;;
+  'xep-0007.xml' )
+    case $header_type in
+      Historical | Humorous | Informational | Organizational | 'Standards Track' | 'SIG Proposal' )
+        echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') equals a defined type."
+        ;;
+      *)
+        echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') does not equals a defined type (but should)."
+        validation_result=1
+        ;;
+    esac
+    ;;
+  * )
+    case $header_type in
+      Historical | Humorous | Informational | Organizational | 'Standards Track' )
+        echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') equals a defined type."
+        ;;
+      *)
+        echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() ('$header_type') does not equals a defined type (but should)."
+        validation_result=1
+        ;;
+    esac
+    ;;
+esac
+
+# 6. Check that /xep/header/approver/text() (XPath) is either Board or Council
+case $header_approver in
+  Board | Council )
+    echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/approver/text() ('$header_approver') equals either 'Board' or 'Council'."
+    ;;
+  *)
+    echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/approver/text() ('$header_approver') does not equals 'Board' or 'Council' (but should)."
+    validation_result=1
+    ;;
+esac
+
+# 7. Check that the version numbers in the revision blocks are descending (from top to bottom in the document)
+expected_revision_order=$(echo "$header_revisions" | tr " " "\n" | sort -Vr)
+if [ "$expected_revision_order" = "$header_revisions" ]
+then
+  echo "[PASS] Version numbers in the revision blocks are descending."
+else
+  echo "[FAIL] Version numbers in the revision blocks are not ordered (descending from top to bottom in the document) (but should be)."
+  echo "       Order found : $(echo $header_revisions)" # funky $() nesting to remove newlines.
+  echo "       Expected was: $(echo $expected_revision_order)"
+  validation_result=1
+fi
+
+# 8. If the approver (see above) is Board, enforce that /xep/header/type is not Standards Track.
+if [ "$header_approver" = "Board" ]
+then
+  if [ "$header_type" = "Standards Track" ]
+  then
+    echo "[FAIL] XPATH value /xep/header/approver/text() ('$header_approver') is 'Board' but XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() is 'Standards Track' (it should not be)."
+    validation_result=1
+  else
+    echo "[PASS] XPATH value /xep/header/approver/text() ('$header_approver') is 'Board' and XPATH value /xep/header/type/text() is not 'Standards Track'."
+  fi
+fi
+
+# 9. Check that it uses the xep.xsl XML stylesheet.
+if echo "$processing_instructions" | grep -Eq "href=['\"]xep.xsl['\"]"
+then
+  echo "[PASS] xep.xsl XML stylesheet is used."
+else
+  echo "[FAIL] xep.xsl XML stylesheet is not used (but should be)."
+  validation_result=1
+fi
+
+# 10. Check that it includes the correct legal notice (by checking for the entity reference)
+if grep -q "&LEGALNOTICE;" "$1"
+then
+  echo "[PASS] entity reference for the legal notice has been detected."
+else
+  echo "[FAIL] entity reference for the legal notice has not been detected (but it should have been)."
+  validation_result=1
+fi
+
+echo ""
+if [ $validation_result = 0 ]
+then
+  echo "No issues found."
+else
+  echo "Issues found!"
+fi
+exit $validation_result