diff --git a/examples/SpdyServer.cc b/examples/SpdyServer.cc
index be116bb..51f5bce 100644
--- a/examples/SpdyServer.cc
+++ b/examples/SpdyServer.cc
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ ssize_t file_read_callback
   ssize_t r;
   while((r = read(fd, buf, length)) == -1 && errno == EINTR);
   if(r == -1) {
-    return SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE;
+    return SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE;
   } else {
     if(r == 0) {
       *eof = 1;
diff --git a/lib/includes/spdylay/spdylay.h b/lib/includes/spdylay/spdylay.h
index 742dd44..d7efb90 100644
--- a/lib/includes/spdylay/spdylay.h
+++ b/lib/includes/spdylay/spdylay.h
@@ -164,6 +164,10 @@ typedef enum {
    * The gzip error.
    */
   SPDYLAY_ERR_GZIP = -520,
+  /**
+   * The user callback function failed due to the temporal error.
+   */
+  SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE = -521,
   /**
    * The errors < :enum:`SPDYLAY_ERR_FATAL` mean that the library is
    * under unexpected condition and cannot process any further data
@@ -737,8 +741,11 @@ typedef union {
  * reading any data in this invocation.  The library removes DATA
  * frame from the outgoing queue temporarily.  To move back deferred
  * DATA frame to outgoing queue, call `spdylay_session_resume_data()`.
- * In case of error, return :enum:`SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE`,
- * which leads to session failure.
+ * In case of error, there are 2 choices. Returning
+ * :enum:`SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE` will close the stream
+ * by issuing RST_STREAM with :enum:`SPDYLAY_INTERNAL_ERROR`.
+ * Returning :enum:`SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE` will signal the
+ * entire session failure.
  */
 typedef ssize_t (*spdylay_data_source_read_callback)
 (spdylay_session *session, int32_t stream_id,
diff --git a/lib/spdylay_helper.c b/lib/spdylay_helper.c
index a11bc73..baee062 100644
--- a/lib/spdylay_helper.c
+++ b/lib/spdylay_helper.c
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ const char* spdylay_strerror(int error_code)
     return "Invalid state";
   case SPDYLAY_ERR_GZIP:
     return "Gzip error";
+  case SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE:
+    return "The user callback function failed due to the temporal error";
   case SPDYLAY_ERR_NOMEM:
     return "Out of memory";
   case SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE:
diff --git a/lib/spdylay_session.c b/lib/spdylay_session.c
index 972f67d..c95e8d9 100644
--- a/lib/spdylay_session.c
+++ b/lib/spdylay_session.c
@@ -1123,6 +1123,14 @@ static ssize_t spdylay_session_prep_frame(spdylay_session *session,
     if(framebuflen == SPDYLAY_ERR_DEFERRED) {
       spdylay_stream_defer_data(stream, item, SPDYLAY_DEFERRED_NONE);
       return SPDYLAY_ERR_DEFERRED;
+    } else if(framebuflen == SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE) {
+      r = spdylay_session_add_rst_stream(session, data_frame->stream_id,
+                                         SPDYLAY_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+      if(r == 0) {
+        return framebuflen;
+      } else {
+        return r;
+      }
     } else if(framebuflen < 0) {
       return framebuflen;
     }
@@ -1395,6 +1403,16 @@ static int spdylay_session_after_frame_sent(spdylay_session *session)
                                     SPDYLAY_DEFERRED_NONE);
           session->aob.item = NULL;
           spdylay_active_outbound_item_reset(&session->aob);
+        } else if(r == SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE) {
+          /* Stop DATA frame chain and issue RST_STREAM to close the
+             stream.  We don't return
+             SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE intentionally. */
+          r = spdylay_session_add_rst_stream(session, data_frame->stream_id,
+                                             SPDYLAY_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+          spdylay_active_outbound_item_reset(&session->aob);
+          if(r != 0) {
+            return r;
+          }
         } else if(r < 0) {
           /* In this context, r is either SPDYLAY_ERR_NOMEM or
              SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE */
@@ -2606,7 +2624,7 @@ ssize_t spdylay_session_pack_data(spdylay_session *session,
   r = frame->data_prd.read_callback
     (session, frame->stream_id, (*buf_ptr)+8, datamax,
      &eof, &frame->data_prd.source, session->user_data);
-  if(r == SPDYLAY_ERR_DEFERRED) {
+  if(r == SPDYLAY_ERR_DEFERRED || r == SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE) {
     return r;
   } else if(r < 0 || datamax < (size_t)r) {
     /* This is the error code when callback is failed. */
diff --git a/lib/spdylay_session.h b/lib/spdylay_session.h
index 8551023..ef72041 100644
--- a/lib/spdylay_session.h
+++ b/lib/spdylay_session.h
@@ -484,12 +484,14 @@ spdylay_stream* spdylay_session_get_stream(spdylay_session *session,
  * This function returns the size of packed frame if it succeeds, or
  * one of the following negative error codes:
  *
- * SPDYLAY_ERR_NOMEM
- *     Out of memory.
  * SPDYLAY_ERR_DEFERRED
  *     The DATA frame is postponed.
+ * SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE
+ *     The read_callback failed (stream error).
+ * SPDYLAY_ERR_NOMEM
+ *     Out of memory.
  * SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE
- *     The read_callback failed.
+ *     The read_callback failed (session error).
  */
 ssize_t spdylay_session_pack_data(spdylay_session *session,
                                   uint8_t **buf_ptr, size_t *buflen_ptr,
diff --git a/tests/main.c b/tests/main.c
index 429cd99..6a13127 100644
--- a/tests/main.c
+++ b/tests/main.c
@@ -156,6 +156,8 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
                    test_spdylay_session_set_option) ||
       !CU_add_test(pSuite, "submit_window_update",
                    test_spdylay_submit_window_update) ||
+      !CU_add_test(pSuite, "session_data_read_temporal_failure",
+                   test_spdylay_session_data_read_temporal_failure) ||
       !CU_add_test(pSuite, "frame_unpack_nv_spdy2",
                    test_spdylay_frame_unpack_nv_spdy2) ||
       !CU_add_test(pSuite, "frame_unpack_nv_spdy3",
diff --git a/tests/spdylay_session_test.c b/tests/spdylay_session_test.c
index bc4422a..b6ccbbe 100644
--- a/tests/spdylay_session_test.c
+++ b/tests/spdylay_session_test.c
@@ -176,6 +176,22 @@ static ssize_t fixed_length_data_source_read_callback
   return wlen;
 }
 
+static ssize_t temporal_failure_data_source_read_callback
+(spdylay_session *session, int32_t stream_id,
+ uint8_t *buf, size_t len, int *eof,
+ spdylay_data_source *source, void *user_data)
+{
+  return SPDYLAY_ERR_TEMPORAL_CALLBACK_FAILURE;
+}
+
+static ssize_t fail_data_source_read_callback
+(spdylay_session *session, int32_t stream_id,
+ uint8_t *buf, size_t len, int *eof,
+ spdylay_data_source *source, void *user_data)
+{
+  return SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE;
+}
+
 static void on_request_recv_callback(spdylay_session *session,
                                      int32_t stream_id,
                                      void *user_data)
@@ -2328,3 +2344,58 @@ void test_spdylay_submit_window_update(void)
 
   spdylay_session_del(session);
 }
+
+void test_spdylay_session_data_read_temporal_failure(void)
+{
+  spdylay_session *session;
+  spdylay_session_callbacks callbacks;
+  const char *nv[] = { NULL };
+  my_user_data ud;
+  spdylay_data_provider data_prd;
+  spdylay_frame frame;
+  spdylay_data *data_frame;
+  spdylay_stream *stream;
+
+  memset(&callbacks, 0, sizeof(spdylay_session_callbacks));
+  callbacks.send_callback = null_send_callback;
+  callbacks.on_ctrl_send_callback = on_ctrl_send_callback;
+  data_prd.read_callback = fixed_length_data_source_read_callback;
+
+  ud.data_source_length = 128*1024;
+
+  /* Initial window size is 64KiB */
+  spdylay_session_client_new(&session, SPDYLAY_PROTO_SPDY3, &callbacks, &ud);
+  spdylay_submit_request(session, 3, nv, &data_prd, NULL);
+
+  /* Sends 64KiB data */
+  CU_ASSERT(0 == spdylay_session_send(session));
+  CU_ASSERT(64*1024 == ud.data_source_length);
+
+  stream = spdylay_session_get_stream(session, 1);
+  CU_ASSERT(NULL != stream->deferred_data);
+  CU_ASSERT(SPDYLAY_DATA == stream->deferred_data->frame_cat);
+  data_frame = (spdylay_data*)stream->deferred_data->frame;
+  data_frame->data_prd.read_callback =
+    temporal_failure_data_source_read_callback;
+
+  /* Back 64KiB */
+  spdylay_frame_window_update_init(&frame.window_update, SPDYLAY_PROTO_SPDY3,
+                                   1, 64*1024);
+  spdylay_session_on_window_update_received(session, &frame);
+  spdylay_frame_window_update_free(&frame.window_update);
+
+  /* Sending data will fail */
+  ud.ctrl_send_cb_called = 0;
+  CU_ASSERT(0 == spdylay_session_send(session));
+  CU_ASSERT(64*1024 == ud.data_source_length);
+
+  CU_ASSERT(1 == ud.ctrl_send_cb_called);
+  CU_ASSERT(SPDYLAY_RST_STREAM == ud.sent_frame_type);
+
+  data_prd.read_callback = fail_data_source_read_callback;
+  spdylay_submit_request(session, 3, nv, &data_prd, NULL);
+  /* Sending data will fail */
+  CU_ASSERT(SPDYLAY_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE == spdylay_session_send(session));
+
+  spdylay_session_del(session);
+}
diff --git a/tests/spdylay_session_test.h b/tests/spdylay_session_test.h
index 1ef3690..93b35c2 100644
--- a/tests/spdylay_session_test.h
+++ b/tests/spdylay_session_test.h
@@ -69,5 +69,6 @@ void test_spdylay_submit_syn_stream_with_credential(void);
 void test_spdylay_session_set_initial_client_cert_origin(void);
 void test_spdylay_session_set_option(void);
 void test_spdylay_submit_window_update(void);
+void test_spdylay_session_data_read_temporal_failure(void);
 
 #endif /* SPDYLAY_SESSION_TEST_H */