/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/

package org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.functions;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.AreaEval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.ErrorEval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.Eval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.EvaluationException;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.NumberEval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.NumericValueEval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.OperandResolver;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.RefEval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.StringEval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.eval.ValueEval;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.functions.LookupUtils.CompareResult;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.functions.LookupUtils.LookupValueComparer;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.formula.functions.LookupUtils.ValueVector;

/**
 * Implementation for the MATCH() Excel function.<p/>
 *
 * <b>Syntax:</b><br/>
 * <b>MATCH</b>(<b>lookup_value</b>, <b>lookup_array</b>, match_type)<p/>
 *
 * Returns a 1-based index specifying at what position in the <b>lookup_array</b> the specified
 * <b>lookup_value</b> is found.<p/>
 *
 * Specific matching behaviour can be modified with the optional <b>match_type</b> parameter.
 *
 *    <table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" summary="match_type parameter description">
 *      <tr><th>Value</th><th>Matching Behaviour</th></tr>
 *      <tr><td>1</td><td>(default) find the largest value that is less than or equal to lookup_value.
 *        The lookup_array must be in ascending <i>order</i>*.</td></tr>
 *      <tr><td>0</td><td>find the first value that is exactly equal to lookup_value.
 *        The lookup_array can be in any order.</td></tr>
 *      <tr><td>-1</td><td>find the smallest value that is greater than or equal to lookup_value.
 *        The lookup_array must be in descending <i>order</i>*.</td></tr>
 *    </table>
 *
 * * Note regarding <i>order</i> - For the <b>match_type</b> cases that require the lookup_array to
 *  be ordered, MATCH() can produce incorrect results if this requirement is not met.  Observed
 *  behaviour in Excel is to return the lowest index value for which every item after that index
 *  breaks the match rule.<br>
 *  The (ascending) sort order expected by MATCH() is:<br/>
 *  numbers (low to high), strings (A to Z), boolean (FALSE to TRUE)<br/>
 *  MATCH() ignores all elements in the lookup_array with a different type to the lookup_value.
 *  Type conversion of the lookup_array elements is never performed.
 *
 *
 * @author Josh Micich
 */
public final class Match implements Function {


	public Eval evaluate(Eval[] args, int srcCellRow, short srcCellCol) {

		double match_type = 1; // default

		switch(args.length) {
			case 3:
				try {
					match_type = evaluateMatchTypeArg(args[2], srcCellRow, srcCellCol);
				} catch (EvaluationException e) {
					// Excel/MATCH() seems to have slightly abnormal handling of errors with
					// the last parameter.  Errors do not propagate up.  Every error gets
					// translated into #REF!
					return ErrorEval.REF_INVALID;
				}
			case 2:
				break;
			default:
				return ErrorEval.VALUE_INVALID;
		}

		boolean matchExact = match_type == 0;
		// Note - Excel does not strictly require -1 and +1
		boolean findLargestLessThanOrEqual = match_type > 0;


		try {
			ValueEval lookupValue = OperandResolver.getSingleValue(args[0], srcCellRow, srcCellCol);
			ValueVector lookupRange = evaluateLookupRange(args[1]);
			int index = findIndexOfValue(lookupValue, lookupRange, matchExact, findLargestLessThanOrEqual);
			return new NumberEval(index + 1); // +1 to convert to 1-based
		} catch (EvaluationException e) {
			return e.getErrorEval();
		}
	}

	private static final class SingleValueVector implements ValueVector {

		private final ValueEval _value;

		public SingleValueVector(ValueEval value) {
			_value = value;
		}

		public ValueEval getItem(int index) {
			if (index != 0) {
				throw new RuntimeException("Invalid index ("
						+ index + ") only zero is allowed");
			}
			return _value;
		}

		public int getSize() {
			return 1;
		}
	}

	private static ValueVector evaluateLookupRange(Eval eval) throws EvaluationException {
		if (eval instanceof RefEval) {
			RefEval re = (RefEval) eval;
			return new SingleValueVector(re.getInnerValueEval());
		}
		if (eval instanceof AreaEval) {
			ValueVector result = LookupUtils.createVector((AreaEval)eval);
			if (result == null) {
				throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
			}
			return result;
		}

		// Error handling for lookup_range arg is also unusual
		if(eval instanceof NumericValueEval) {
			throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
		}
		if (eval instanceof StringEval) {
			StringEval se = (StringEval) eval;
			Double d = OperandResolver.parseDouble(se.getStringValue());
			if(d == null) {
				// plain string
				throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.VALUE_INVALID);
			}
			// else looks like a number
			throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
		}
		throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected eval type (" + eval.getClass().getName() + ")");
	}



	private static double evaluateMatchTypeArg(Eval arg, int srcCellRow, short srcCellCol)
			throws EvaluationException {
		Eval match_type = OperandResolver.getSingleValue(arg, srcCellRow, srcCellCol);

		if(match_type instanceof ErrorEval) {
			throw new EvaluationException((ErrorEval)match_type);
		}
		if(match_type instanceof NumericValueEval) {
			NumericValueEval ne = (NumericValueEval) match_type;
			return ne.getNumberValue();
		}
		if (match_type instanceof StringEval) {
			StringEval se = (StringEval) match_type;
			Double d = OperandResolver.parseDouble(se.getStringValue());
			if(d == null) {
				// plain string
				throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.VALUE_INVALID);
			}
			// if the string parses as a number, it is OK
			return d.doubleValue();
		}
		throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected match_type type (" + match_type.getClass().getName() + ")");
	}

	/**
	 * @return zero based index
	 */
	private static int findIndexOfValue(ValueEval lookupValue, ValueVector lookupRange,
			boolean matchExact, boolean findLargestLessThanOrEqual) throws EvaluationException {

		LookupValueComparer lookupComparer = createLookupComparer(lookupValue, matchExact);

		int size = lookupRange.getSize();
		if(matchExact) {
			for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
				if(lookupComparer.compareTo(lookupRange.getItem(i)).isEqual()) {
					return i;
				}
			}
			throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
		}

		if(findLargestLessThanOrEqual) {
			// Note - backward iteration
			for (int i = size - 1; i>=0;  i--) {
				CompareResult cmp = lookupComparer.compareTo(lookupRange.getItem(i));
				if(cmp.isTypeMismatch()) {
					continue;
				}
				if(!cmp.isLessThan()) {
					return i;
				}
			}
			throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
		}

		// else - find smallest greater than or equal to
		// TODO - is binary search used for (match_type==+1) ?
		for (int i = 0; i<size; i++) {
			CompareResult cmp = lookupComparer.compareTo(lookupRange.getItem(i));
			if(cmp.isEqual()) {
				return i;
			}
			if(cmp.isGreaterThan()) {
				if(i<1) {
					throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
				}
				return i-1;
			}
		}

		throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
	}

	private static LookupValueComparer createLookupComparer(ValueEval lookupValue, boolean matchExact) throws EvaluationException {
		if (matchExact && lookupValue instanceof StringEval) {
			String stringValue = ((StringEval) lookupValue).getStringValue();
			if(isLookupValueWild(stringValue)) {
				throw new RuntimeException("Wildcard lookup values '" + stringValue + "' not supported yet");
			}

		}
		return LookupUtils.createLookupComparer(lookupValue);
	}

	private static boolean isLookupValueWild(String stringValue) {
		if(stringValue.indexOf('?') >=0 || stringValue.indexOf('*') >=0) {
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
}