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Provides utility methods for encoding and decoding hexadecimal * data.
* * @author Rainer Klute (klute@rainer-klute.de) - with portions from Tomcat * @version $Id$ * @since 2002-01-24 */ public class Codec { /** *The nibbles' hexadecimal values. A nibble is a half byte.
*/ protected static final byte hexval[] = {(byte) '0', (byte) '1', (byte) '2', (byte) '3', (byte) '4', (byte) '5', (byte) '6', (byte) '7', (byte) '8', (byte) '9', (byte) 'A', (byte) 'B', (byte) 'C', (byte) 'D', (byte) 'E', (byte) 'F'}; /** *Converts a string into its hexadecimal notation.
* *FIXME: If this method is called frequently, * it should directly implement the algorithm in the called method * in order to avoid creating a string instance.
*/ public static String hexEncode(final String s) { return hexEncode(s.getBytes()); } /** *Converts a byte array into its hexadecimal notation.
*/ public static String hexEncode(final byte[] s) { return hexEncode(s, 0, s.length); } /** *Converts a part of a byte array into its hexadecimal * notation.
*/ public static String hexEncode(final byte[] s, final int offset, final int length) { StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer(length * 2); for (int i = offset; i < offset + length; i++) { int c = s[i]; b.append((char) hexval[(c & 0xF0) >> 4]); b.append((char) hexval[(c & 0x0F) >> 0]); } return b.toString(); } /** *Converts a single byte into its hexadecimal notation.
*/ public static String hexEncode(final byte b) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2); sb.append((char) hexval[(b & 0xF0) >> 4]); sb.append((char) hexval[(b & 0x0F) >> 0]); return sb.toString(); } /** *Decodes the hexadecimal representation of a sequence of * bytes into a byte array. Each character in the string * represents a nibble (half byte) and must be one of the * characters '0'-'9', 'A'-'F' or 'a'-'f'.
* * @param s The string to be decoded * * @return The bytes * * @throw IllegalArgumentException if the string does not contain * a valid representation of a byte sequence. */ public static byte[] hexDecode(final String s) { final int length = s.length(); /* The string to be converted must have an even number of characters. */ if (length % 2 == 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException ("String has odd length " + length); byte[] b = new byte[length / 2]; char[] c = new char[length]; s.toUpperCase().getChars(0, length, c, 0); for (int i = 0; i < length; i += 2) b[i/2] = (byte) (decodeNibble(c[i]) << 4 & 0xF0 | decodeNibble(c[i+1]) & 0x0F); return b; } /** *Decodes a nibble.
* * @param c A character in the range '0'-'9' or 'A'-'F'. Lower * case is not supported here. * * @return The decoded nibble in the range 0-15 * * @throws IllegalArgumentException if c is not a * permitted character */ protected static byte decodeNibble(final char c) { for (byte i = 0; i < hexval.length; i++) if ((byte) c == hexval[i]) return i; throw new IllegalArgumentException("\"" + c + "\"" + " does not represent a nibble."); } /** *For testing.
*/ public static void main(final String args[]) throws IOException { final BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String s; do { s = in.readLine(); if (s != null) { String bytes = hexEncode(s); System.out.print("Hex encoded (String): "); System.out.println(bytes); System.out.print("Hex encoded (byte[]): "); System.out.println(hexEncode(s.getBytes())); System.out.print("Re-decoded (byte[]): "); System.out.println(new String(hexDecode(bytes))); } } while (s != null); } }