diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/FormulaShifter.java b/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/FormulaShifter.java
index 32da2b17a..74804a884 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/FormulaShifter.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/FormulaShifter.java
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ public final class FormulaShifter {
         return new FormulaShifter(srcSheetIndex, dstSheetIndex);
     }
 
+	@Override
 	public String toString() {
 		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
 
@@ -322,7 +323,7 @@ public final class FormulaShifter {
 			aptg.setFirstRow(destLastRowIndex+1);
 			return aptg;
 		}
-		if (destFirstRowIndex < aLastRow && aLastRow <= destLastRowIndex) {
+		if (destFirstRowIndex <= aLastRow && aLastRow < destLastRowIndex) {
 			// dest rows overlap bottom of area
 			// - truncate the bottom
 			aptg.setLastRow(destFirstRowIndex-1);
diff --git a/src/ooxml/testcases/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/TestXSSFSheetShiftRows.java b/src/ooxml/testcases/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/TestXSSFSheetShiftRows.java
index a8e7374c9..aa2ae2280 100644
--- a/src/ooxml/testcases/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/TestXSSFSheetShiftRows.java
+++ b/src/ooxml/testcases/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/TestXSSFSheetShiftRows.java
@@ -17,8 +17,13 @@
 
 package org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
+
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BaseTestSheetShiftRows;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellUtil;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.XSSFITestDataProvider;
+import org.apache.poi.xssf.XSSFTestDataSamples;
 
 /**
  * @author Yegor Kozlov
@@ -36,4 +41,17 @@ public final class TestXSSFSheetShiftRows extends BaseTestSheetShiftRows {
     public void testShiftWithComments() { // disabled test from superclass
         // TODO - support shifting of comments.
     }
+
+	public void testBug54524() throws IOException {
+        XSSFWorkbook workbook = XSSFTestDataSamples.openSampleWorkbook("54524.xlsx");
+        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
+		sheet.shiftRows(3, 5, -1);
+
+        Cell cell = CellUtil.getCell(sheet.getRow(1), 0);
+		assertEquals(1.0, cell.getNumericCellValue());
+		cell = CellUtil.getCell(sheet.getRow(2), 0);
+		assertEquals("SUM(A2:A2)", cell.getCellFormula());
+		cell = CellUtil.getCell(sheet.getRow(3), 0);
+		assertEquals("X", cell.getStringCellValue());
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/testcases/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/TestFormulaShifter.java b/src/testcases/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/TestFormulaShifter.java
index 79e42c2c5..e3e955850 100644
--- a/src/testcases/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/TestFormulaShifter.java
+++ b/src/testcases/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/TestFormulaShifter.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package org.apache.poi.ss.formula;
 
 import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.ptg.AreaErrPtg;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.ptg.AreaPtg;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.ptg.Ptg;
diff --git a/test-data/spreadsheet/54524.xlsx b/test-data/spreadsheet/54524.xlsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a16447e0
Binary files /dev/null and b/test-data/spreadsheet/54524.xlsx differ