/*
 *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */

package java.io;

/**
 * BufferedReader is a buffered character input reader. Buffering allows reading
 * from character streams more efficiently. If the default size of the buffer is
 * not practical, another size may be specified. Reading a character from a
 * Reader class usually involves reading a character from its Stream or
 * subsequent Reader. It is advisable to wrap a BufferedReader around those
 * Readers whose read operations may have high latency. For example, the
 * following code
 * 
 * <pre>
 * BufferedReader inReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(&quot;file.java&quot;));
 * </pre>
 * 
 * will buffer input for the file <code>file.java</code>.
 * 
 * @see BufferedWriter
 * @since 1.1
 */
public class BufferedReader extends Reader {

    private Reader in;

    private char[] buf;

    private int marklimit = -1;

    private int count;

    private int markpos = -1;

    private int pos;

    /**
     * Constructs a new BufferedReader on the Reader <code>in</code>. The
     * default buffer size (8K) is allocated and all reads can now be filtered
     * through this BufferedReader.
     * 
     * @param in
     *            the Reader to buffer reads on.
     */
    public BufferedReader(Reader in) {
        super(in);
        this.in = in;
        buf = new char[8192];
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new BufferedReader on the Reader <code>in</code>. The
     * buffer size is specified by the parameter <code>size</code> and all
     * reads can now be filtered through this BufferedReader.
     * 
     * @param in
     *            the Reader to buffer reads on.
     * @param size
     *            the size of buffer to allocate.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             if the size is <= 0
     */
    public BufferedReader(Reader in, int size) {
        super(in);
        if (size <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(Msg.getString("K0058")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }
        this.in = in;
        buf = new char[size];
    }

    /**
     * Close the Reader. This implementation closes the Reader being filtered
     * and releases the buffer used by this reader. If this BufferedReader has
     * already been closed, nothing is done.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If an error occurs attempting to close this BufferedReader.
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (!isClosed()) {
                in.close();
                buf = null;
            }
        }
    }

    private int fillbuf() throws IOException {
        if (markpos == -1 || (pos - markpos >= marklimit)) {
            /* Mark position not set or exceeded readlimit */
            int result = in.read(buf, 0, buf.length);
            if (result > 0) {
                markpos = -1;
                pos = 0;
                count = result == -1 ? 0 : result;
            }
            return result;
        }
        if (markpos == 0 && marklimit > buf.length) {
            /* Increase buffer size to accommodate the readlimit */
            int newLength = buf.length * 2;
            if (newLength > marklimit) {
                newLength = marklimit;
            }
            char[] newbuf = new char[newLength];
            System.arraycopy(buf, 0, newbuf, 0, buf.length);
            buf = newbuf;
        } else if (markpos > 0) {
            System.arraycopy(buf, markpos, buf, 0, buf.length - markpos);
        }

        /* Set the new position and mark position */
        pos -= markpos;
        count = markpos = 0;
        int charsread = in.read(buf, pos, buf.length - pos);
        count = charsread == -1 ? pos : pos + charsread;
        return charsread;
    }

    /**
     * Answer a boolean indicating whether or not this BufferedReader is closed.
     * 
     * @return <code>true</code> if this reader is closed, <code>false</code>
     *         otherwise
     */
    private boolean isClosed() {
        return buf == null;
    }

    /**
     * Set a Mark position in this BufferedReader. The parameter
     * <code>readLimit</code> indicates how many characters can be read before
     * a mark is invalidated. Sending reset() will reposition the reader back to
     * the marked position provided <code>readLimit</code> has not been
     * surpassed.
     * 
     * @param readlimit
     *            an int representing how many characters must be read before
     *            invalidating the mark.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If an error occurs attempting mark this BufferedReader.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             If readlimit is < 0
     */
    @Override
    public void mark(int readlimit) throws IOException {
        if (readlimit < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (isClosed()) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005b")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            marklimit = readlimit;
            markpos = pos;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Answers a boolean indicating whether or not this Reader supports mark()
     * and reset(). This implementation answers <code>true</code>.
     * 
     * @return <code>true</code> if mark() and reset() are supported,
     *         <code>false</code> otherwise
     */
    @Override
    public boolean markSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Reads a single character from this reader and returns the result as an
     * int. The 2 higher-order characters are set to 0. If the end of reader was
     * encountered then return -1. This implementation either returns a
     * character from the buffer or if there are no characters available, fill
     * the buffer then return a character or -1.
     * 
     * @return the character read or -1 if end of reader.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the BufferedReader is already closed or some other IO
     *             error occurs.
     */
    @Override
    public int read() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (isClosed()) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005b")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            /* Are there buffered characters available? */
            if (pos < count || fillbuf() != -1) {
                return buf[pos++];
            }
            return -1;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Reads at most <code>length</code> characters from this BufferedReader
     * and stores them at <code>offset</code> in the character array
     * <code>buffer</code>. Returns the number of characters actually read or
     * -1 if the end of reader was encountered. If all the buffered characters
     * have been used, a mark has not been set, and the requested number of
     * characters is larger than this Readers buffer size, this implementation
     * bypasses the buffer and simply places the results directly into
     * <code>buffer</code>.
     * 
     * @param buffer
     *            character array to store the read characters
     * @param offset
     *            offset in buf to store the read characters
     * @param length
     *            maximum number of characters to read
     * @return number of characters read or -1 if end of reader.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the BufferedReader is already closed or some other IO
     *             error occurs.
     */
    @Override
    public int read(char[] buffer, int offset, int length) throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (isClosed()) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005b")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            if (offset < 0 || offset > buffer.length - length || length < 0) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            }
            if (length == 0) {
                return 0;
            }
            int required;
            if (pos < count) {
                /* There are bytes available in the buffer. */
                int copylength = count - pos >= length ? length : count - pos;
                System.arraycopy(buf, pos, buffer, offset, copylength);
                pos += copylength;
                if (copylength == length || !in.ready()) {
                    return copylength;
                }
                offset += copylength;
                required = length - copylength;
            } else {
                required = length;
            }

            while (true) {
                int read;
                /*
                 * If we're not marked and the required size is greater than the
                 * buffer, simply read the bytes directly bypassing the buffer.
                 */
                if (markpos == -1 && required >= buf.length) {
                    read = in.read(buffer, offset, required);
                    if (read == -1) {
                        return required == length ? -1 : length - required;
                    }
                } else {
                    if (fillbuf() == -1) {
                        return required == length ? -1 : length - required;
                    }
                    read = count - pos >= required ? required : count - pos;
                    System.arraycopy(buf, pos, buffer, offset, read);
                    pos += read;
                }
                required -= read;
                if (required == 0) {
                    return length;
                }
                if (!in.ready()) {
                    return length - required;
                }
                offset += read;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Answers a <code>String</code> representing the next line of text
     * available in this BufferedReader. A line is represented by 0 or more
     * characters followed by <code>'\n'</code>, <code>'\r'</code>,
     * <code>'\r\n'</code> or end of stream. The <code>String</code> does
     * not include the newline sequence.
     * 
     * @return the contents of the line or null if no characters were read
     *         before end of stream.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the BufferedReader is already closed or some other IO
     *             error occurs.
     */
    public String readLine() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (isClosed()) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005b")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            /* Are there buffered characters available? */
            if ((pos >= count) && (fillbuf() == -1)) {
                return null;
            }
            for (int charPos = pos; charPos < count; charPos++) {
                char ch = buf[charPos];
                if (ch > '\r') {
                    continue;
                }
                if (ch == '\n') {
                    String res = new String(buf, pos, charPos - pos);
                    pos = charPos + 1;
                    return res;
                } else if (ch == '\r') {
                    String res = new String(buf, pos, charPos - pos);
                    pos = charPos + 1;
                    if (((pos < count) || (fillbuf() != -1))
                            && (buf[pos] == '\n')) {
                        pos++;
                    }
                    return res;
                }
            }

            char eol = '\0';
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(80);
            /* Typical Line Length */

            result.append(buf, pos, count - pos);
            pos = count;
            while (true) {
                /* Are there buffered characters available? */
                if (pos >= count) {
                    if (eol == '\n') {
                        return result.toString();
                    }
                    // attempt to fill buffer
                    if (fillbuf() == -1) {
                        // characters or null.
                        return result.length() > 0 || eol != '\0' ? result
                                .toString() : null;
                    }
                }
                for (int charPos = pos; charPos < count; charPos++) {
                    if (eol == '\0') {
                        if ((buf[charPos] == '\n' || buf[charPos] == '\r')) {
                            eol = buf[charPos];
                        }
                    } else if (eol == '\r' && (buf[charPos] == '\n')) {
                        if (charPos > pos) {
                            result.append(buf, pos, charPos - pos - 1);
                        }
                        pos = charPos + 1;
                        return result.toString();
                    } else if (eol != '\0') {
                        if (charPos > pos) {
                            result.append(buf, pos, charPos - pos - 1);
                        }
                        pos = charPos;
                        return result.toString();
                    }
                }
                if (eol == '\0') {
                    result.append(buf, pos, count - pos);
                } else {
                    result.append(buf, pos, count - pos - 1);
                }
                pos = count;
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * Answers a <code>boolean</code> indicating whether or not this Reader is
     * ready to be read without blocking. If the result is <code>true</code>,
     * the next <code>read()</code> will not block. If the result is
     * <code>false</code> this Reader may or may not block when
     * <code>read()</code> is sent.
     * 
     * @return <code>true</code> if the receiver will not block when
     *         <code>read()</code> is called, <code>false</code> if unknown
     *         or blocking will occur.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the BufferedReader is already closed or some other IO
     *             error occurs.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean ready() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (isClosed()) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005b")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            return ((count - pos) > 0) || in.ready();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Reset this BufferedReader's position to the last <code>mark()</code>
     * location. Invocations of <code>read()/skip()</code> will occur from
     * this new location. If this Reader was not marked, throw IOException.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If a problem occurred, the receiver does not support
     *             <code>mark()/reset()</code>, or no mark has been set.
     */
    @Override
    public void reset() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (isClosed()) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005b")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            if (markpos == -1) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005c")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            pos = markpos;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Skips <code>amount</code> number of characters in this Reader.
     * Subsequent <code>read()</code>'s will not return these characters
     * unless <code>reset()</code> is used. Skipping characters may invalidate
     * a mark if marklimit is surpassed.
     * 
     * @param amount
     *            the maximum number of characters to skip.
     * @return the number of characters actually skipped.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the BufferedReader is already closed or some other IO
     *             error occurs.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             If amount is negative
     */
    @Override
    public long skip(long amount) throws IOException {
        if (amount < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (isClosed()) {
                throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005b")); //$NON-NLS-1$
            }
            if (amount < 1) {
                return 0;
            }
            if (count - pos >= amount) {
                pos += amount;
                return amount;
            }

            long read = count - pos;
            pos = count;
            while (read < amount) {
                if (fillbuf() == -1) {
                    return read;
                }
                if (count - pos >= amount - read) {
                    pos += amount - read;
                    return amount;
                }
                // Couldn't get all the characters, skip what we read
                read += (count - pos);
                pos = count;
            }
            return amount;
        }
    }
}