/*
 *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */

package java.io;

/**
 * <code>BufferedInputStream</code> is a class which takes an input stream and
 * <em>buffers</em> the input. In this way, costly interaction with the
 * original input stream can be minimized by reading buffered amounts of data
 * infrequently. The drawback is that extra space is required to hold the buffer
 * and that copying takes place when reading that buffer.
 * 
 * @see BufferedOutputStream
 */
public class BufferedInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
    /**
     * The buffer containing the current bytes read from the target InputStream.
     */
    protected byte[] buf;

    /**
     * The total number of bytes inside the byte array <code>buf</code>.
     */
    protected int count;

    /**
     * The current limit, which when passed, invalidates the current mark.
     */
    protected int marklimit;

    /**
     * The currently marked position. -1 indicates no mark has been set or the
     * mark has been invalidated.
     */
    protected int markpos = -1;

    /**
     * The current position within the byte array <code>buf</code>.
     */
    protected int pos;

    private boolean closed = false;

    /**
     * Constructs a new <code>BufferedInputStream</code> on the InputStream
     * <code>in</code>. The default buffer size (8Kb) is allocated and all
     * reads can now be filtered through this stream.
     * 
     * @param in
     *            the InputStream to buffer reads on.
     */
    public BufferedInputStream(InputStream in) {
        super(in);
        buf = new byte[8192];
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new BufferedInputStream on the InputStream <code>in</code>.
     * The buffer size is specified by the parameter <code>size</code> and all
     * reads can now be filtered through this BufferedInputStream.
     * 
     * @param in
     *            the InputStream to buffer reads on.
     * @param size
     *            the size of buffer to allocate.
     */
    public BufferedInputStream(InputStream in, int size) {
        super(in);
        if (size <= 0) {
            // K0058=size must be > 0
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(Msg.getString("K0058")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }
        buf = new byte[size];
    }

    /**
     * Answers an int representing the number of bytes that are available before
     * this BufferedInputStream will block. This method returns the number of
     * bytes available in the buffer plus those available in the target stream.
     * 
     * @return the number of bytes available before blocking.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If an error occurs in this stream.
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized int available() throws IOException {
        if (buf == null) {
            // K0059=Stream is closed
            throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K0059")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }
        return count - pos + in.available();
    }

    /**
     * Close this BufferedInputStream. This implementation closes the target
     * stream and releases any resources associated with it.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If an error occurs attempting to close this stream.
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
        if (null != in) {
            super.close();
            in = null;
        }
        buf = null;
        closed = true;
    }

    private int fillbuf() throws IOException {
        if (markpos == -1 || (pos - markpos >= marklimit)) {
            /* Mark position not set or exceeded readlimit */
            int result = in.read(buf);
            if (result > 0) {
                markpos = -1;
                pos = 0;
                count = result == -1 ? 0 : result;
            }
            return result;
        }
        if (markpos == 0 && marklimit > buf.length) {
            /* Increase buffer size to accomodate the readlimit */
            int newLength = buf.length * 2;
            if (newLength > marklimit) {
                newLength = marklimit;
            }
            byte[] newbuf = new byte[newLength];
            System.arraycopy(buf, 0, newbuf, 0, buf.length);
            buf = newbuf;
        } else if (markpos > 0) {
            System.arraycopy(buf, markpos, buf, 0, buf.length - markpos);
        }
        /* Set the new position and mark position */
        pos -= markpos;
        count = markpos = 0;
        int bytesread = in.read(buf, pos, buf.length - pos);
        count = bytesread <= 0 ? pos : pos + bytesread;
        return bytesread;
    }

    /**
     * Set a Mark position in this BufferedInputStream. The parameter
     * <code>readLimit</code> indicates how many bytes can be read before a
     * mark is invalidated. Sending reset() will reposition the Stream back to
     * the marked position provided <code>readLimit</code> has not been
     * surpassed. The underlying buffer may be increased in size to allow
     * <code>readlimit</code> number of bytes to be supported.
     * 
     * @param readlimit
     *            the number of bytes to be able to read before invalidating the
     *            mark.
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized void mark(int readlimit) {
        marklimit = readlimit;
        markpos = pos;
    }

    /**
     * Answers a boolean indicating whether or not this BufferedInputStream
     * supports mark() and reset(). This implementation answers
     * <code>true</code>.
     * 
     * @return <code>true</code> for BufferedInputStreams.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean markSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Reads a single byte from this BufferedInputStream and returns the result
     * as an int. The low-order byte is returned or -1 of the end of stream was
     * encountered. If the underlying buffer does not contain any available
     * bytes then it is filled and the first byte is returned.
     * 
     * @return the byte read or -1 if end of stream.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the stream is already closed or another IOException
     *             occurs.
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized int read() throws IOException {
        if (in == null) {
            // K0059=Stream is closed
            throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K0059")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }

        /* Are there buffered bytes available? */
        if (pos >= count && fillbuf() == -1) {
            return -1; /* no, fill buffer */
        }

        /* Did filling the buffer fail with -1 (EOF)? */
        if (count - pos > 0) {
            return buf[pos++] & 0xFF;
        }
        return -1;
    }

    /**
     * Reads at most <code>length</code> bytes from this BufferedInputStream
     * and stores them in byte array <code>buffer</code> starting at offset
     * <code>offset</code>. Answer the number of bytes actually read or -1 if
     * no bytes were read and end of stream was encountered. If all the buffered
     * bytes have been used, a mark has not been set, and the requested number
     * of bytes is larger than the receiver's buffer size, this implementation
     * bypasses the buffer and simply places the results directly into
     * <code>buffer</code>.
     * 
     * @param buffer
     *            the byte array in which to store the read bytes.
     * @param offset
     *            the offset in <code>buffer</code> to store the read bytes.
     * @param length
     *            the maximum number of bytes to store in <code>buffer</code>.
     * @return the number of bytes actually read or -1 if end of stream.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the stream is already closed or another IOException
     *             occurs.
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized int read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length)
            throws IOException {
        if (closed) {
            // K0059=Stream is closed
            throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K0059")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }
        // avoid int overflow
        if (offset > buffer.length - length || offset < 0 || length < 0) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        if (length == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        if (null == buf) {
            throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K0059")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }

        int required;
        if (pos < count) {
            /* There are bytes available in the buffer. */
            int copylength = count - pos >= length ? length : count - pos;
            System.arraycopy(buf, pos, buffer, offset, copylength);
            pos += copylength;
            if (copylength == length || in.available() == 0) {
                return copylength;
            }
            offset += copylength;
            required = length - copylength;
        } else {
            required = length;
        }

        while (true) {
            int read;
            /*
             * If we're not marked and the required size is greater than the
             * buffer, simply read the bytes directly bypassing the buffer.
             */
            if (markpos == -1 && required >= buf.length) {
                read = in.read(buffer, offset, required);
                if (read == -1) {
                    return required == length ? -1 : length - required;
                }
            } else {
                if (fillbuf() == -1) {
                    return required == length ? -1 : length - required;
                }
                read = count - pos >= required ? required : count - pos;
                System.arraycopy(buf, pos, buffer, offset, read);
                pos += read;
            }
            required -= read;
            if (required == 0) {
                return length;
            }
            if (in.available() == 0) {
                return length - required;
            }
            offset += read;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Reset this BufferedInputStream to the last marked location. If the
     * <code>readlimit</code> has been passed or no <code>mark</code> has
     * been set, throw IOException. This implementation resets the target
     * stream.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the stream is already closed or another IOException
     *             occurs.
     */

    @Override
    public synchronized void reset() throws IOException {
        if (closed) {
            // K0059=Stream is closed
            throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K0059")); //$NON-NLS-1$	
        }
        if (-1 == markpos) {
            // K005a=Mark has been invalidated.
            throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K005a")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }
        pos = markpos;
    }

    /**
     * Skips <code>amount</code> number of bytes in this BufferedInputStream.
     * Subsequent <code>read()</code>'s will not return these bytes unless
     * <code>reset()</code> is used.
     * 
     * @param amount
     *            the number of bytes to skip.
     * @return the number of bytes actually skipped.
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     *             If the stream is already closed or another IOException
     *             occurs.
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized long skip(long amount) throws IOException {
        if (null == in) {
            // K0059=Stream is closed
            throw new IOException(Msg.getString("K0059")); //$NON-NLS-1$
        }
        if (amount < 1) {
            return 0;
        }

        if (count - pos >= amount) {
            pos += amount;
            return amount;
        }
        long read = count - pos;
        pos = count;

        if (markpos != -1) {
            if (amount <= marklimit) {
                if (fillbuf() == -1) {
                    return read;
                }
                if (count - pos >= amount - read) {
                    pos += amount - read;
                    return amount;
                }
                // Couldn't get all the bytes, skip what we read
                read += (count - pos);
                pos = count;
                return read;
            }
            markpos = -1;
        }
        return read + in.skip(amount - read);
    }
}