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SSLCERTS: update wrt SSL CA certificate store
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@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ support.
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It is about trust
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It is about trust
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-----------------
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-----------------
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This system is about trust. In your local CA cert bundle you have certs from
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This system is about trust. In your local CA certificate store you have certs
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*trusted* Certificate Authorities that you then can use to verify that the
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from *trusted* Certificate Authorities that you then can use to verify that the
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server certificates you see are valid. They're signed by one of the CAs you
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server certificates you see are valid. They're signed by one of the CAs you
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trust.
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trust.
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@ -35,16 +35,16 @@ Certificate Verification
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------------------------
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------------------------
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libcurl performs peer SSL certificate verification by default. This is done
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libcurl performs peer SSL certificate verification by default. This is done
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by using CA cert bundle that the SSL library can use to make sure the peer's
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by using a CA certificate store that the SSL library can use to make sure the
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server certificate is valid.
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peer's server certificate is valid.
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If you communicate with HTTPS, FTPS or other TLS-using servers using
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If you communicate with HTTPS, FTPS or other TLS-using servers using
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certificates that are signed by CAs present in the bundle, you can be sure
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certificates that are signed by CAs present in the store, you can be sure
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that the remote server really is the one it claims to be.
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that the remote server really is the one it claims to be.
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If the remote server uses a self-signed certificate, if you don't install a CA
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If the remote server uses a self-signed certificate, if you don't install a CA
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cert bundle, if the server uses a certificate signed by a CA that isn't
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cert store, if the server uses a certificate signed by a CA that isn't
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included in the bundle you use or if the remote host is an impostor
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included in the store you use or if the remote host is an impostor
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impersonating your favorite site, and you want to transfer files from this
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impersonating your favorite site, and you want to transfer files from this
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server, do one of the following:
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server, do one of the following:
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@ -59,12 +59,22 @@ server, do one of the following:
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With the curl command line tool: --cacert [file]
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With the curl command line tool: --cacert [file]
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3. Add the CA cert for your server to the existing default CA cert bundle.
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3. Add the CA cert for your server to the existing default CA certificate
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The default path of the CA bundle used can be changed by running configure
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store. The default CA certificate store can changed at compile time with the
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with the --with-ca-bundle option pointing out the path of your choice.
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following configure options:
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To do this, you need to get the CA cert for your server in PEM format and
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--with-ca-bundle=FILE: use the specified file as CA certificate store. CA
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then append that to your CA cert bundle.
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certificates need to be concatenated in PEM format into this file.
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--with-ca-path=PATH: use the specified path as CA certificate store. CA
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certificates need to be stored as individual PEM files in this directory.
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You may need to run c_rehash after adding files there.
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If neither of the two options is specified, configure will try to auto-detect
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a setting. It's also possible to explicitly not hardcode any default store
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but rely on the built in default the crypto library may provide instead.
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You can achieve that by passing both --without-ca-bundle and
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--without-ca-path to the configure script.
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If you use Internet Explorer, this is one way to get extract the CA cert
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If you use Internet Explorer, this is one way to get extract the CA cert
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for a particular server:
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for a particular server:
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@ -76,7 +86,7 @@ server, do one of the following:
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- Convert it from crt to PEM using the openssl tool:
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- Convert it from crt to PEM using the openssl tool:
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openssl x509 -inform DES -in yourdownloaded.crt \
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openssl x509 -inform DES -in yourdownloaded.crt \
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-out outcert.pem -text
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-out outcert.pem -text
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- Append the 'outcert.pem' to the CA cert bundle or use it stand-alone
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- Add the 'outcert.pem' to the CA certificate store or use it stand-alone
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as described below.
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as described below.
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If you use the 'openssl' tool, this is one way to get extract the CA cert
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If you use the 'openssl' tool, this is one way to get extract the CA cert
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@ -89,9 +99,9 @@ server, do one of the following:
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- If you want to see the data in the certificate, you can do: "openssl
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- If you want to see the data in the certificate, you can do: "openssl
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x509 -inform PEM -in certfile -text -out certdata" where certfile is
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x509 -inform PEM -in certfile -text -out certdata" where certfile is
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the cert you extracted from logfile. Look in certdata.
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the cert you extracted from logfile. Look in certdata.
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- If you want to trust the certificate, you can append it to your
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- If you want to trust the certificate, you can add it to your CA
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cert bundle or use it stand-alone as described. Just remember that the
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certificate store or use it stand-alone as described. Just remember that
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security is no better than the way you obtained the certificate.
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the security is no better than the way you obtained the certificate.
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4. If you're using the curl command line tool, you can specify your own CA
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4. If you're using the curl command line tool, you can specify your own CA
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cert path by setting the environment variable `CURL_CA_BUNDLE` to the path
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cert path by setting the environment variable `CURL_CA_BUNDLE` to the path
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@ -113,9 +123,9 @@ server, do one of the following:
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Neglecting to use one of the above methods when dealing with a server using a
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Neglecting to use one of the above methods when dealing with a server using a
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certificate that isn't signed by one of the certificates in the installed CA
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certificate that isn't signed by one of the certificates in the installed CA
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cert bundle, will cause SSL to report an error ("certificate verify failed")
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certificate store, will cause SSL to report an error ("certificate verify
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during the handshake and SSL will then refuse further communication with that
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failed") during the handshake and SSL will then refuse further communication
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server.
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with that server.
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Certificate Verification with NSS
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Certificate Verification with NSS
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---------------------------------
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---------------------------------
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@ -123,8 +133,8 @@ Certificate Verification with NSS
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If libcurl was built with NSS support, then depending on the OS distribution,
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If libcurl was built with NSS support, then depending on the OS distribution,
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it is probably required to take some additional steps to use the system-wide
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it is probably required to take some additional steps to use the system-wide
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CA cert db. RedHat ships with an additional module, libnsspem.so, which
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CA cert db. RedHat ships with an additional module, libnsspem.so, which
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enables NSS to read the OpenSSL PEM CA bundle. This library is missing in
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enables NSS to read the OpenSSL PEM CA bundle. On openSUSE you can install
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OpenSuSE, and without it, NSS can only work with its own internal formats. NSS
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p11-kit-nss-trust which makes NSS use the system wide CA certificate store. NSS
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also has a new [database format](https://wiki.mozilla.org/NSS_Shared_DB).
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also has a new [database format](https://wiki.mozilla.org/NSS_Shared_DB).
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Starting with version 7.19.7, libcurl automatically adds the 'sql:' prefix to
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Starting with version 7.19.7, libcurl automatically adds the 'sql:' prefix to
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