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curl.1: shorten lines, avoid referring to libcurl instead of curl

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This commit is contained in:
Daniel Stenberg 2012-08-10 10:54:38 +02:00
parent 4dcde5aa3d
commit b8983aa309
1 changed files with 89 additions and 81 deletions
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@ -79,14 +79,14 @@ curl will do its best to use what you pass to it as a URL. It is not trying to
validate it as a syntactically correct URL by any means but is instead validate it as a syntactically correct URL by any means but is instead
\fBvery\fP liberal with what it accepts. \fBvery\fP liberal with what it accepts.
Curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple file transfers, so that curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple file transfers, so that
getting many files from the same server will not do multiple connects / getting many files from the same server will not do multiple connects /
handshakes. This improves speed. Of course this is only done on files handshakes. This improves speed. Of course this is only done on files
specified on a single command line and cannot be used between separate curl specified on a single command line and cannot be used between separate curl
invokes. invokes.
.SH "PROGRESS METER" .SH "PROGRESS METER"
curl normally displays a progress meter during operations, indicating the amount curl normally displays a progress meter during operations, indicating the
of transferred data, transfer speeds and estimated time left, etc. amount of transferred data, transfer speeds and estimated time left, etc.
curl displays this data to the terminal by default, so if you invoke curl to curl displays this data to the terminal by default, so if you invoke curl to
do an operation and it is about to write data to the terminal, it do an operation and it is about to write data to the terminal, it
@ -125,13 +125,13 @@ Forces curl to use SSL version 2 when negotiating with a remote SSL server.
(SSL) (SSL)
Forces curl to use SSL version 3 when negotiating with a remote SSL server. Forces curl to use SSL version 3 when negotiating with a remote SSL server.
.IP "-4, --ipv4" .IP "-4, --ipv4"
If libcurl is capable of resolving an address to multiple IP versions (which If curl is capable of resolving an address to multiple IP versions (which it
it is if it is IPv6-capable), this option tells libcurl to resolve names to is if it is IPv6-capable), this option tells curl to resolve names to IPv4
IPv4 addresses only. addresses only.
.IP "-6, --ipv6" .IP "-6, --ipv6"
If libcurl is capable of resolving an address to multiple IP versions (which If curl is capable of resolving an address to multiple IP versions (which it
it is if it is IPv6-capable), this option tells libcurl to resolve names to is if it is IPv6-capable), this option tells curl to resolve names to IPv6
IPv6 addresses only. addresses only.
.IP "-a, --append" .IP "-a, --append"
(FTP/SFTP) When used in an upload, this will tell curl to append to the target (FTP/SFTP) When used in an upload, this will tell curl to append to the target
file instead of overwriting it. If the file doesn't exist, it will be created. file instead of overwriting it. If the file doesn't exist, it will be created.
@ -185,12 +185,12 @@ this option is usually pointless, unless you use it to override a previously
set option that sets a different authentication method (such as \fI--ntlm\fP, set option that sets a different authentication method (such as \fI--ntlm\fP,
\fI--digest\fP, or \fI--negotiate\fP). \fI--digest\fP, or \fI--negotiate\fP).
.IP "-c, --cookie-jar <file name>" .IP "-c, --cookie-jar <file name>"
(HTTP) Specify to which file you want curl to write all cookies after a completed (HTTP) Specify to which file you want curl to write all cookies after a
operation. Curl writes all cookies previously read from a specified file as completed operation. Curl writes all cookies previously read from a specified
well as all cookies received from remote server(s). If no cookies are known, file as well as all cookies received from remote server(s). If no cookies are
no file will be written. The file will be written using the Netscape cookie known, no file will be written. The file will be written using the Netscape
file format. If you set the file name to a single dash, "-", the cookies will cookie file format. If you set the file name to a single dash, "-", the
be written to stdout. cookies will be written to stdout.
This command line option will activate the cookie engine that makes curl This command line option will activate the cookie engine that makes curl
record and use cookies. Another way to activate it is to use the \fI-b, record and use cookies. Another way to activate it is to use the \fI-b,
@ -218,13 +218,13 @@ If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
must specify valid ciphers. Read up on SSL cipher list details on this URL: must specify valid ciphers. Read up on SSL cipher list details on this URL:
\fIhttp://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html\fP \fIhttp://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html\fP
NSS ciphers are done differently than OpenSSL and GnuTLS. The full list of NSS ciphers are done differently than OpenSSL and GnuTLS. The full list of NSS
NSS ciphers is in the NSSCipherSuite entry at this URL: ciphers is in the NSSCipherSuite entry at this URL:
\fIhttp://git.fedorahosted.org/cgit/mod_nss.git/plain/docs/mod_nss.html#Directives\fP \fIhttp://git.fedorahosted.org/cgit/mod_nss.git/plain/docs/mod_nss.html#Directives\fP
If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
.IP "--compressed" .IP "--compressed"
(HTTP) Request a compressed response using one of the algorithms libcurl (HTTP) Request a compressed response using one of the algorithms curl
supports, and save the uncompressed document. If this option is used and the supports, and save the uncompressed document. If this option is used and the
server sends an unsupported encoding, curl will report an error. server sends an unsupported encoding, curl will report an error.
.IP "--connect-timeout <seconds>" .IP "--connect-timeout <seconds>"
@ -234,10 +234,10 @@ of no more use. See also the \fI-m, --max-time\fP option.
If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
.IP "--create-dirs" .IP "--create-dirs"
When used in conjunction with the \fI-o\fP option, curl will create the necessary When used in conjunction with the \fI-o\fP option, curl will create the
local directory hierarchy as needed. This option creates the dirs mentioned necessary local directory hierarchy as needed. This option creates the dirs
with the \fI-o\fP option, nothing else. If the \fI-o\fP file name uses no dir or if the mentioned with the \fI-o\fP option, nothing else. If the \fI-o\fP file name
dirs it mentions already exist, no dir will be created. uses no dir or if the dirs it mentions already exist, no dir will be created.
To create remote directories when using FTP or SFTP, try To create remote directories when using FTP or SFTP, try
\fI--ftp-create-dirs\fP. \fI--ftp-create-dirs\fP.
@ -336,10 +336,10 @@ service ticket, which is a matter of realm policy.
Unconditionally allow the server to delegate. Unconditionally allow the server to delegate.
.RE .RE
.IP "--digest" .IP "--digest"
(HTTP) Enables HTTP Digest authentication. This is an authentication scheme that (HTTP) Enables HTTP Digest authentication. This is an authentication scheme
prevents the password from being sent over the wire in clear text. Use this in that prevents the password from being sent over the wire in clear text. Use
combination with the normal \fI-u, --user\fP option to set user name and this in combination with the normal \fI-u, --user\fP option to set user name
password. See also \fI--ntlm\fP, \fI--negotiate\fP and \fI--anyauth\fP for and password. See also \fI--ntlm\fP, \fI--negotiate\fP and \fI--anyauth\fP for
related options. related options.
If this option is used several times, only the first one is used. If this option is used several times, only the first one is used.
@ -347,9 +347,9 @@ If this option is used several times, only the first one is used.
(FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPRT and LPRT commands when doing (FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPRT and LPRT commands when doing
active FTP transfers. Curl will normally always first attempt to use EPRT, active FTP transfers. Curl will normally always first attempt to use EPRT,
then LPRT before using PORT, but with this option, it will use PORT right then LPRT before using PORT, but with this option, it will use PORT right
away. EPRT and LPRT are extensions to the original FTP protocol, and may not work away. EPRT and LPRT are extensions to the original FTP protocol, and may not
on all servers, but they enable more functionality in a better way than the work on all servers, but they enable more functionality in a better way than
traditional PORT command. the traditional PORT command.
\fB--eprt\fP can be used to explicitly enable EPRT again and \fB--no-eprt\fP \fB--eprt\fP can be used to explicitly enable EPRT again and \fB--no-eprt\fP
is an alias for \fB--disable-eprt\fP. is an alias for \fB--disable-eprt\fP.
@ -397,9 +397,9 @@ operations. Use \fI--engine list\fP to print a list of build-time supported
engines. Note that not all (or none) of the engines may be available at engines. Note that not all (or none) of the engines may be available at
run-time. run-time.
.IP "--environment" .IP "--environment"
(RISC OS ONLY) Sets a range of environment variables, using the names the \fI-w\fP (RISC OS ONLY) Sets a range of environment variables, using the names the
option supports, to allow easier extraction of useful information after having \fI-w\fP option supports, to allow easier extraction of useful information
run curl. after having run curl.
.IP "--egd-file <file>" .IP "--egd-file <file>"
(SSL) Specify the path name to the Entropy Gathering Daemon socket. The socket (SSL) Specify the path name to the Entropy Gathering Daemon socket. The socket
is used to seed the random engine for SSL connections. See also the is used to seed the random engine for SSL connections. See also the
@ -525,8 +525,9 @@ compliant than 'nocwd' but without the full penalty of 'multicwd'.
behavior, but using this option can be used to override a previous behavior, but using this option can be used to override a previous
\fI-P/-ftp-port\fP option. (Added in 7.11.0) \fI-P/-ftp-port\fP option. (Added in 7.11.0)
If this option is used several times, only the first one is used. Undoing an enforced passive really isn't doable but you must then If this option is used several times, only the first one is used. Undoing an
instead enforce the correct \fI-P, --ftp-port\fP again. enforced passive really isn't doable but you must then instead enforce the
correct \fI-P, --ftp-port\fP again.
Passive mode means that curl will try the EPSV command first and then PASV, Passive mode means that curl will try the EPSV command first and then PASV,
unless \fI--disable-epsv\fP is used. unless \fI--disable-epsv\fP is used.
@ -581,8 +582,9 @@ with a '?' separator.
If used in combination with -I, the POST data will instead be appended to the If used in combination with -I, the POST data will instead be appended to the
URL with a HEAD request. URL with a HEAD request.
If this option is used several times, only the first one is used. This is because undoing a GET doesn't make sense, but you should If this option is used several times, only the first one is used. This is
then instead enforce the alternative method you prefer. because undoing a GET doesn't make sense, but you should then instead enforce
the alternative method you prefer.
.IP "-H, --header <header>" .IP "-H, --header <header>"
(HTTP) Extra header to use when getting a web page. You may specify any number (HTTP) Extra header to use when getting a web page. You may specify any number
of extra headers. Note that if you should add a custom header that has the of extra headers. Note that if you should add a custom header that has the
@ -591,9 +593,9 @@ header will be used instead of the internal one. This allows you to make even
trickier stuff than curl would normally do. You should not replace internally trickier stuff than curl would normally do. You should not replace internally
set headers without knowing perfectly well what you're doing. Remove an set headers without knowing perfectly well what you're doing. Remove an
internal header by giving a replacement without content on the right side of internal header by giving a replacement without content on the right side of
the colon, as in: -H \&"Host:". If you send the custom header with no-value then the colon, as in: -H \&"Host:". If you send the custom header with no-value
its header must be terminated with a semicolon, such as \-H "X-Custom-Header;" then its header must be terminated with a semicolon, such as \-H
to send "X-Custom-Header:". \&"X-Custom-Header;" to send "X-Custom-Header:".
curl will make sure that each header you add/replace is sent with the proper curl will make sure that each header you add/replace is sent with the proper
end-of-line marker, you should thus \fBnot\fP add that as a part of the header end-of-line marker, you should thus \fBnot\fP add that as a part of the header
@ -604,8 +606,9 @@ See also the \fI-A, --user-agent\fP and \fI-e, --referer\fP options.
This option can be used multiple times to add/replace/remove multiple headers. This option can be used multiple times to add/replace/remove multiple headers.
.IP "--hostpubmd5 <md5>" .IP "--hostpubmd5 <md5>"
(SCP/SFTP) Pass a string containing 32 hexadecimal digits. The string should be the 128 bit MD5 checksum of the remote host's public key, curl will refuse the (SCP/SFTP) Pass a string containing 32 hexadecimal digits. The string should
connection with the host unless the md5sums match. (Added in 7.17.1) be the 128 bit MD5 checksum of the remote host's public key, curl will refuse
the connection with the host unless the md5sums match. (Added in 7.17.1)
.IP "--ignore-content-length" .IP "--ignore-content-length"
(HTTP) (HTTP)
Ignore the Content-Length header. This is particularly useful for servers Ignore the Content-Length header. This is particularly useful for servers
@ -633,8 +636,9 @@ make it discard all "session cookies". This will basically have the same effect
as if a new session is started. Typical browsers always discard session as if a new session is started. Typical browsers always discard session
cookies when they're closed down. cookies when they're closed down.
.IP "-J, --remote-header-name" .IP "-J, --remote-header-name"
(HTTP) This option tells the \fI-O, --remote-name\fP option to use the server-specified (HTTP) This option tells the \fI-O, --remote-name\fP option to use the
Content-Disposition filename instead of extracting a filename from the URL. server-specified Content-Disposition filename instead of extracting a filename
from the URL.
.IP "-k, --insecure" .IP "-k, --insecure"
(SSL) This option explicitly allows curl to perform "insecure" SSL connections (SSL) This option explicitly allows curl to perform "insecure" SSL connections
and transfers. All SSL connections are attempted to be made secure by using and transfers. All SSL connections are attempted to be made secure by using
@ -811,9 +815,9 @@ Specify the maximum size (in bytes) of a file to download. If the file
requested is larger than this value, the transfer will not start and curl will requested is larger than this value, the transfer will not start and curl will
return with exit code 63. return with exit code 63.
\fBNOTE:\fP The file size is not always known prior to download, and for such files \fBNOTE:\fP The file size is not always known prior to download, and for such
this option has no effect even if the file transfer ends up being larger than files this option has no effect even if the file transfer ends up being larger
this given limit. This concerns both FTP and HTTP transfers. than this given limit. This concerns both FTP and HTTP transfers.
.IP "--mail-rcpt <address>" .IP "--mail-rcpt <address>"
(SMTP) Specify a single address that the given mail should get sent to. This (SMTP) Specify a single address that the given mail should get sent to. This
option can be used multiple times to specify many recipients. option can be used multiple times to specify many recipients.
@ -827,12 +831,12 @@ option to -1 to make it limitless.
If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
.IP "--metalink" .IP "--metalink"
This option can tell curl to parse and process a given URI as Metalink file (both This option can tell curl to parse and process a given URI as Metalink file
version 3 and 4 (RFC 5854) are supported) and make use of the mirrors (both version 3 and 4 (RFC 5854) are supported) and make use of the mirrors
listed within for failover if there are errors (such as the file or listed within for failover if there are errors (such as the file or server not
server not being available). It will also verify the hash of the file being available). It will also verify the hash of the file after the download
after the download completes. The Metalink file itself is downloaded completes. The Metalink file itself is downloaded and processed in memory and
and processed in memory and not stored in the local file system. not stored in the local file system.
Example to use a remote Metalink file: Example to use a remote Metalink file:
@ -1013,16 +1017,16 @@ available.
If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
.IP "--post301" .IP "--post301"
(HTTP) Tells curl to respect RFC 2616/10.3.2 and not convert POST requests into GET (HTTP) Tells curl to respect RFC 2616/10.3.2 and not convert POST requests
requests when following a 301 redirection. The non-RFC behaviour is ubiquitous into GET requests when following a 301 redirection. The non-RFC behaviour is
in web browsers, so curl does the conversion by default to maintain ubiquitous in web browsers, so curl does the conversion by default to maintain
consistency. However, a server may require a POST to remain a POST after such consistency. However, a server may require a POST to remain a POST after such
a redirection. This option is meaningful only when using \fI-L, --location\fP a redirection. This option is meaningful only when using \fI-L, --location\fP
(Added in 7.17.1) (Added in 7.17.1)
.IP "--post302" .IP "--post302"
(HTTP) Tells curl to respect RFC 2616/10.3.2 and not convert POST requests into GET (HTTP) Tells curl to respect RFC 2616/10.3.2 and not convert POST requests
requests when following a 302 redirection. The non-RFC behaviour is ubiquitous into GET requests when following a 302 redirection. The non-RFC behaviour is
in web browsers, so curl does the conversion by default to maintain ubiquitous in web browsers, so curl does the conversion by default to maintain
consistency. However, a server may require a POST to remain a POST after such consistency. However, a server may require a POST to remain a POST after such
a redirection. This option is meaningful only when using \fI-L, --location\fP a redirection. This option is meaningful only when using \fI-L, --location\fP
(Added in 7.19.1) (Added in 7.19.1)
@ -1111,24 +1115,24 @@ default config file search path.
commands are sent BEFORE the transfer takes place (just after the initial PWD commands are sent BEFORE the transfer takes place (just after the initial PWD
command in an FTP transfer, to be exact). To make commands take place after a command in an FTP transfer, to be exact). To make commands take place after a
successful transfer, prefix them with a dash '-'. To make commands be sent successful transfer, prefix them with a dash '-'. To make commands be sent
after libcurl has changed the working directory, just before the transfer after curl has changed the working directory, just before the transfer
command(s), prefix the command with a '+' (this is only supported for command(s), prefix the command with a '+' (this is only supported for
FTP). You may specify any number of commands. If the server returns failure FTP). You may specify any number of commands. If the server returns failure
for one of the commands, the entire operation will be aborted. You must send for one of the commands, the entire operation will be aborted. You must send
syntactically correct FTP commands as RFC 959 defines to FTP servers, or one syntactically correct FTP commands as RFC 959 defines to FTP servers, or one
of the commands listed below to SFTP servers. This option can be used of the commands listed below to SFTP servers. This option can be used
multiple times. When speaking to an FTP server, prefix the command with an multiple times. When speaking to an FTP server, prefix the command with an
asterisk (*) to make libcurl continue even if the command fails as by default asterisk (*) to make curl continue even if the command fails as by default
curl will stop at first failure. curl will stop at first failure.
SFTP is a binary protocol. Unlike for FTP, libcurl interprets SFTP quote SFTP is a binary protocol. Unlike for FTP, curl interprets SFTP quote commands
commands itself before sending them to the server. File names may be quoted itself before sending them to the server. File names may be quoted
shell-style to embed spaces or special characters. Following is the list of shell-style to embed spaces or special characters. Following is the list of
all supported SFTP quote commands: all supported SFTP quote commands:
.RS .RS
.IP "chgrp group file" .IP "chgrp group file"
The chgrp command sets the group ID of the file named by the file operand to the The chgrp command sets the group ID of the file named by the file operand to
group ID specified by the group operand. The group operand is a decimal the group ID specified by the group operand. The group operand is a decimal
integer group ID. integer group ID.
.IP "chmod mode file" .IP "chmod mode file"
The chmod command modifies the file mode bits of the specified file. The The chmod command modifies the file mode bits of the specified file. The
@ -1186,9 +1190,10 @@ specifies two separate 100-byte ranges(*)(H)
(*) = NOTE that this will cause the server to reply with a multipart (*) = NOTE that this will cause the server to reply with a multipart
response! response!
Only digit characters (0-9) are valid in the 'start' and 'stop' fields of Only digit characters (0-9) are valid in the 'start' and 'stop' fields of the
the \&'start-stop' range syntax. If a non-digit character is given in the range, the server's \&'start-stop' range syntax. If a non-digit character is given in the range,
response will be unspecified, depending on the server's configuration. the server's response will be unspecified, depending on the server's
configuration.
You should also be aware that many HTTP/1.1 servers do not have this feature You should also be aware that many HTTP/1.1 servers do not have this feature
enabled, so that when you attempt to get a range, you'll instead get the whole enabled, so that when you attempt to get a range, you'll instead get the whole
@ -1200,7 +1205,7 @@ FTP command SIZE.
If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
.IP "-R, --remote-time" .IP "-R, --remote-time"
When used, this will make libcurl attempt to figure out the timestamp of the When used, this will make curl attempt to figure out the timestamp of the
remote file, and if that is available make the local file get that same remote file, and if that is available make the local file get that same
timestamp. timestamp.
.IP "--random-file <file>" .IP "--random-file <file>"
@ -1409,7 +1414,7 @@ Set password for use with the TLS authentication method specified with
7.21.4) 7.21.4)
.IP "--tr-encoding" .IP "--tr-encoding"
(HTTP) Request a compressed Transfer-Encoding response using one of the (HTTP) Request a compressed Transfer-Encoding response using one of the
algorithms libcurl supports, and uncompress the data while receiving it. algorithms curl supports, and uncompress the data while receiving it.
(Added in 7.21.6) (Added in 7.21.6)
.IP "--trace <file>" .IP "--trace <file>"
@ -1503,7 +1508,9 @@ to follow location: headers.
.TP .TP
.B filename_effective .B filename_effective
The ultimate filename that curl writes out to. This is only meaningful if curl The ultimate filename that curl writes out to. This is only meaningful if curl
is told to write to a file with the \fI--remote-name\fP or \fI--output\fP option. It's most useful in combination with the \fI--remote-header-name\fP option. (Added in 7.25.1) is told to write to a file with the \fI--remote-name\fP or \fI--output\fP
option. It's most useful in combination with the \fI--remote-header-name\fP
option. (Added in 7.25.1)
.TP .TP
.B http_code .B http_code
The numerical response code that was found in the last retrieved HTTP(S) or The numerical response code that was found in the last retrieved HTTP(S) or
@ -1542,8 +1549,8 @@ started. time_redirect shows the complete execution time for multiple
redirections. (Added in 7.12.3) redirections. (Added in 7.12.3)
.TP .TP
.B time_starttransfer .B time_starttransfer
The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the first byte was just about The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the first byte was just
to be transferred. This includes time_pretransfer and also the time the about to be transferred. This includes time_pretransfer and also the time the
server needed to calculate the result. server needed to calculate the result.
.TP .TP
.B size_download .B size_download
@ -1580,7 +1587,7 @@ When an HTTP request was made without -L to follow redirects, this variable
will show the actual URL a redirect \fIwould\fP take you to. (Added in 7.18.2) will show the actual URL a redirect \fIwould\fP take you to. (Added in 7.18.2)
.TP .TP
.B ftp_entry_path .B ftp_entry_path
The initial path libcurl ended up in when logging on to the remote FTP The initial path curl ended up in when logging on to the remote FTP
server. (Added in 7.15.4) server. (Added in 7.15.4)
.TP .TP
.B ssl_verify_result .B ssl_verify_result
@ -1603,8 +1610,8 @@ not be available. This is not the case if you can tunnel through the proxy, as
one with the \fI-p, --proxytunnel\fP option. one with the \fI-p, --proxytunnel\fP option.
User and password that might be provided in the proxy string are URL decoded User and password that might be provided in the proxy string are URL decoded
by libcurl. This allows you to pass in special characters such as @ by using by curl. This allows you to pass in special characters such as @ by using %40
%40 or pass in a colon with %3a. or pass in a colon with %3a.
The proxy host can be specified the exact same way as the proxy environment The proxy host can be specified the exact same way as the proxy environment
variables, including the protocol prefix (http://) and the embedded user + variables, including the protocol prefix (http://) and the embedded user +
@ -1648,16 +1655,17 @@ this is a concern for you, try the \fI--connect-timeout\fP option.
If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
.IP "-Y, --speed-limit <speed>" .IP "-Y, --speed-limit <speed>"
If a download is slower than this given speed (in bytes per second) for If a download is slower than this given speed (in bytes per second) for
speed-time seconds it gets aborted. speed-time is set with \fI-y\fP and is 30 if speed-time seconds it gets aborted. speed-time is set with \fI-y\fP and is 30
not set. if not set.
If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
.IP "-z/--time-cond <date expression>|<file>" .IP "-z/--time-cond <date expression>|<file>"
(HTTP/FTP) Request a file that has been modified later than the given time and (HTTP/FTP) Request a file that has been modified later than the given time and
date, or one that has been modified before that time. The <date expression> can date, or one that has been modified before that time. The <date expression>
be all sorts of date strings or if it doesn't match any internal ones, it is can be all sorts of date strings or if it doesn't match any internal ones, it
taken as a filename and tries to get the modification date (mtime) from <file> is taken as a filename and tries to get the modification date (mtime) from
instead. See the \fIcurl_getdate(3)\fP man pages for date expression details. <file> instead. See the \fIcurl_getdate(3)\fP man pages for date expression
details.
Start the date expression with a dash (-) to make it request for a document Start the date expression with a dash (-) to make it request for a document
that is older than the given date/time, default is a document that is newer that is older than the given date/time, default is a document that is newer