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updated to be more valid for version 7 workings
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@ -19,15 +19,18 @@ Windows vs Unix
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the Windows way. The four most notable details are:
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1. Different function names for close(), read(), write()
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2. Windows requires a couple of init calls
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2. Windows requires a couple of init calls for the socket stuff
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3. The file descriptors for network communication and file operations are
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not easily interchangable as in unix
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4. When writing data to stdout, Windows makes end-of-lines the DOS way, thus
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destroying binary data, although you do want that conversion if it is
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text coming through... (sigh)
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In curl, (1) and (2) are done with defines and macros, so that the source
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looks the same at all places except for the header file that defines them.
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In curl, (1) is made with defines and macros, so that the source looks the
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same at all places except for the header file that defines them.
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(2) must be made by the application that uses libcurl, in curl that means
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src/main.c has some code #ifdef'ed to do just that.
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(3) is simply avoided by not trying any funny tricks on file descriptors.
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@ -44,19 +47,26 @@ Windows vs Unix
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Library
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=======
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There is a few entry points to the library, namely each publicly defined
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As described elsewhere, libcurl is meant to get two different "layers" of
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interface. At the present point only the high-level, the "easy", interface
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has been fully implemented and thus documented. We assume the easy-interface
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in this description, the low-level interface will be documented when fully
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implemented.
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There are plenty of entry points to the library, namely each publicly defined
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function that libcurl offers to applications. All of those functions are
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rather small and easy-to-follow, accept the one single and do-it-all named
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curl_urlget() (entry point in lib/url.c).
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rather small and easy-to-follow. All the ones prefixed with 'curl_easy' are
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put in the lib/easy.c file.
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curl_urlget() takes a variable amount of arguments, and they must all be
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curl_easy_setopt() takes a three arguments, where the option stuff must be
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passed in pairs, the parameter-ID and the parameter-value. The list of
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arguments must be ended with a end-of-arguments parameter-ID.
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options is documented in the man page.
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The function then continues to analyze the URL, get the different components
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and connects to the remote host. This may involve using a proxy and/or using
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SSL. The GetHost() function in lib/hostip.c is used for looking up host
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names.
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curl_easy_perform() does a whole lot of things.
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The function analyzes the URL, get the different components and connects to
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the remote host. This may involve using a proxy and/or using SSL. The
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GetHost() function in lib/hostip.c is used for looking up host names.
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When connected, the proper function is called. The functions are named after
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the protocols they handle. ftp(), http(), dict(), etc. They all reside in
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@ -70,12 +80,16 @@ Library
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supplied clones in lib/mprintf.c.
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While transfering, the progress functions in lib/progress.c are called at a
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frequent interval. The speedcheck functions in lib/speedcheck.c are also used
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to verify that the transfer is as fast as required.
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frequent interval (or at the user's choice, a specified callback might get
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called). The speedcheck functions in lib/speedcheck.c are also used to verify
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that the transfer is as fast as required.
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When the operation is done, the writeout() function in lib/writeout.c may be
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called to report about the operation as specified previously in the arguments
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to curl_urlget().
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to curl_easy_setopt().
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When completed curl_easy_cleanup() should be called to free up used
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resources.
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HTTP(S)
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@ -88,12 +102,16 @@ Library
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(lib/cookie.c).
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HTTPS uses in almost every means the same procedure as HTTP, with only two
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exceptions: the connect procedure is different and the function used
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exceptions: the connect procedure is different and the function used to read
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or write from the socket is different, although the latter fact is hidden in
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the source by the use of curl_read() for reading and curl_write() for writing
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data to the remote server.
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FTP
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The if2ip() function can be used for getting the IP number of a specified
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network interface, and it resides in lib/if2ip.c
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network interface, and it resides in lib/if2ip.c. It is only used for the FTP
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PORT command.
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TELNET
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@ -113,11 +131,12 @@ Library
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is found in lib/escape.c.
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While transfering data in Transfer() a few functions might get
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used. get_date() in lib/getdate.c is for HTTP date comparisons.
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used. curl_getdate() in lib/getdate.c is for HTTP date comparisons (and
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more).
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lib/getenv.c is for reading environment variables in a neat platform
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independent way. That's used in the client, but also in lib/url.c when
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checking the PROXY variables.
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lib/getenv.c offers curl_getenv() which is for reading environment variables
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in a neat platform independent way. That's used in the client, but also in
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lib/url.c when checking the PROXY variables.
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lib/netrc.c keeps the .netrc parser
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@ -135,6 +154,7 @@ Client
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functions used for the multiple-URL support.
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The client mostly mess around to setup its config struct properly, then it
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calls the curl_urlget() function in the library and when it gets back control
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it checks status and exits.
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calls the curl_easy_*() functions of the library and when it gets back
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control after the curl_easy_perform() it cleans up the library, checks status
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and exits.
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