2016-11-15 17:44:58 -05:00
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Long: form
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Short: F
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Arg: <name=content>
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2017-09-02 13:17:33 -04:00
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Help: Specify multipart MIME data
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Protocols: HTTP SMTP IMAP
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2016-11-15 17:44:58 -05:00
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Mutexed: data head upload
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---
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2017-09-02 13:17:33 -04:00
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For HTTP protocol family, this lets curl emulate a filled-in form in which a
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user has pressed the submit button. This causes curl to POST data using the
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Content-Type multipart/form-data according to RFC 2388.
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For SMTP and IMAP protocols, this is the mean to compose a multipart mail
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message to transmit.
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This enables uploading of binary
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2016-11-15 17:44:58 -05:00
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files etc. To force the 'content' part to be a file, prefix the file name with
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an @ sign. To just get the content part from a file, prefix the file name with
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the symbol <. The difference between @ and < is then that @ makes a file get
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attached in the post as a file upload, while the < makes a text field and just
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get the contents for that text field from a file.
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2017-09-02 13:17:33 -04:00
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Example: to send an image to an HTTP server, where \&'profile' is the name of
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the form-field to which portrait.jpg will be the input:
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2016-11-15 17:44:58 -05:00
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curl -F profile=@portrait.jpg https://example.com/upload.cgi
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To read content from stdin instead of a file, use - as the filename. This goes
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2017-10-12 09:25:59 -04:00
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for both @ and < constructs. If stdin is not attached to a regular file, it is
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buffered first to determine its size and allow a possible resend. Defining a
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part's data from a named non-regular file (such as a named pipe or similar) is
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unfortunately not subject to buffering and will be effectively read at
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transmission time; since the full size is unknown before the transfer starts,
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data is sent as chunks by HTTP and rejected by IMAP.
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2016-11-15 17:44:58 -05:00
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You can also tell curl what Content-Type to use by using 'type=', in a manner
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similar to:
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curl -F "web=@index.html;type=text/html" example.com
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or
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curl -F "name=daniel;type=text/foo" example.com
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You can also explicitly change the name field of a file upload part by setting
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filename=, like this:
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curl -F "file=@localfile;filename=nameinpost" example.com
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If filename/path contains ',' or ';', it must be quoted by double-quotes like:
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curl -F "file=@\\"localfile\\";filename=\\"nameinpost\\"" example.com
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or
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curl -F 'file=@"localfile";filename="nameinpost"' example.com
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Note that if a filename/path is quoted by double-quotes, any double-quote
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or backslash within the filename must be escaped by backslash.
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2017-10-29 08:57:16 -04:00
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Quoting must also be applied to non-file data if it contains semicolons,
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leading/trailing spaces or leading double quotes:
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curl -F 'colors="red; green; blue";type=text/x-myapp' example.com
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2017-09-02 13:17:33 -04:00
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You can add custom headers to the field by setting headers=, like
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curl -F "submit=OK;headers=\\"X-submit-type: OK\\"" example.com
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or
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curl -F "submit=OK;headers=@headerfile" example.com
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The headers= keyword may appear more that once and above notes about quoting
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apply. When headers are read from a file, Empty lines and lines starting
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with '#' are comments and ignored; each header can be folded by splitting
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between two words and starting the continuation line with a space; embedded
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carriage-returns and trailing spaces are stripped.
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Here is an example of a header file contents:
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# This file contain two headers.
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.br
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X-header-1: this is a header
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# The following header is folded.
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.br
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X-header-2: this is
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.br
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another header
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To support sending multipart mail messages, the syntax is extended as follows:
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.br
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- name can be omitted: the equal sign is the first character of the argument,
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.br
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- if data starts with '(', this signals to start a new multipart: it can be
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followed by a content type specification.
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.br
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- a multipart can be terminated with a '=)' argument.
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Example: the following command sends an SMTP mime e-mail consisting in an
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inline part in two alternative formats: plain text and HTML. It attaches a
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text file:
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curl -F '=(;type=multipart/alternative' \\
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.br
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-F '=plain text message' \\
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.br
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-F '= <body>HTML message</body>;type=text/html' \\
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.br
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-F '=)' -F '=@textfile.txt' ... smtp://example.com
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2017-09-05 12:11:59 -04:00
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Data can be encoded for transfer using encoder=. Available encodings are
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\fIbinary\fP and \fI8bit\fP that do nothing else than adding the corresponding
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Content-Transfer-Encoding header, \fI7bit\fP that only rejects 8-bit characters
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with a transfer error, \fIquoted-printable\fP and \fIbase64\fP that encodes
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data according to the corresponding schemes, limiting lines length to
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76 characters.
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Example: send multipart mail with a quoted-printable text message and a
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base64 attached file:
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curl -F '=text message;encoder=quoted-printable' \\
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.br
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-F '=@localfile;encoder=base64' ... smtp://example.com
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2016-11-15 17:44:58 -05:00
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See further examples and details in the MANUAL.
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This option can be used multiple times.
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