705 lines
23 KiB
Python
705 lines
23 KiB
Python
"""
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The MIT License
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Copyright (c) 2007 Leah Culver, Joe Stump, Mark Paschal, Vic Fryzel
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
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THE SOFTWARE.
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"""
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import urllib
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import time
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import random
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import urlparse
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import hmac
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import binascii
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import lib.httplib2 as httplib2
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try:
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from urlparse import parse_qs, parse_qsl
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except ImportError:
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from cgi import parse_qs, parse_qsl
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VERSION = '1.0' # Hi Blaine!
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HTTP_METHOD = 'GET'
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SIGNATURE_METHOD = 'PLAINTEXT'
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class Error(RuntimeError):
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"""Generic exception class."""
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def __init__(self, message='OAuth error occured.'):
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self._message = message
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@property
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def message(self):
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"""A hack to get around the deprecation errors in 2.6."""
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return self._message
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def __str__(self):
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return self._message
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class MissingSignature(Error):
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pass
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def build_authenticate_header(realm=''):
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"""Optional WWW-Authenticate header (401 error)"""
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return {'WWW-Authenticate': 'OAuth realm="%s"' % realm}
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def escape(s):
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"""Escape a URL including any /."""
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return urllib.quote(s, safe='~')
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def generate_timestamp():
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"""Get seconds since epoch (UTC)."""
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return int(time.time())
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def generate_nonce(length=8):
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"""Generate pseudorandom number."""
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return ''.join([str(random.randint(0, 9)) for i in range(length)])
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def generate_verifier(length=8):
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"""Generate pseudorandom number."""
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return ''.join([str(random.randint(0, 9)) for i in range(length)])
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class Consumer(object):
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"""A consumer of OAuth-protected services.
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The OAuth consumer is a "third-party" service that wants to access
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protected resources from an OAuth service provider on behalf of an end
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user. It's kind of the OAuth client.
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Usually a consumer must be registered with the service provider by the
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developer of the consumer software. As part of that process, the service
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provider gives the consumer a *key* and a *secret* with which the consumer
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software can identify itself to the service. The consumer will include its
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key in each request to identify itself, but will use its secret only when
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signing requests, to prove that the request is from that particular
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registered consumer.
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Once registered, the consumer can then use its consumer credentials to ask
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the service provider for a request token, kicking off the OAuth
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authorization process.
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"""
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key = None
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secret = None
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def __init__(self, key, secret):
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self.key = key
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self.secret = secret
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if self.key is None or self.secret is None:
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raise ValueError("Key and secret must be set.")
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def __str__(self):
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data = {
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'oauth_consumer_key': self.key,
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'oauth_consumer_secret': self.secret
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}
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return urllib.urlencode(data)
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class Token(object):
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"""An OAuth credential used to request authorization or a protected
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resource.
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Tokens in OAuth comprise a *key* and a *secret*. The key is included in
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requests to identify the token being used, but the secret is used only in
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the signature, to prove that the requester is who the server gave the
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token to.
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When first negotiating the authorization, the consumer asks for a *request
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token* that the live user authorizes with the service provider. The
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consumer then exchanges the request token for an *access token* that can
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be used to access protected resources.
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"""
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key = None
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secret = None
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callback = None
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callback_confirmed = None
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verifier = None
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def __init__(self, key, secret):
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self.key = key
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self.secret = secret
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if self.key is None or self.secret is None:
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raise ValueError("Key and secret must be set.")
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def set_callback(self, callback):
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self.callback = callback
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self.callback_confirmed = 'true'
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def set_verifier(self, verifier=None):
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if verifier is not None:
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self.verifier = verifier
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else:
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self.verifier = generate_verifier()
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def get_callback_url(self):
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if self.callback and self.verifier:
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# Append the oauth_verifier.
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parts = urlparse.urlparse(self.callback)
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scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment = parts[:6]
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if query:
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query = '%s&oauth_verifier=%s' % (query, self.verifier)
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else:
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query = 'oauth_verifier=%s' % self.verifier
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return urlparse.urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, params,
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query, fragment))
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return self.callback
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def to_string(self):
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"""Returns this token as a plain string, suitable for storage.
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The resulting string includes the token's secret, so you should never
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send or store this string where a third party can read it.
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"""
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data = {
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'oauth_token': self.key,
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'oauth_token_secret': self.secret,
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}
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if self.callback_confirmed is not None:
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data['oauth_callback_confirmed'] = self.callback_confirmed
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return urllib.urlencode(data)
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@staticmethod
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def from_string(s):
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"""Deserializes a token from a string like one returned by
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`to_string()`."""
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if not len(s):
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raise ValueError("Invalid parameter string.")
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params = parse_qs(s, keep_blank_values=False)
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if not len(params):
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raise ValueError("Invalid parameter string.")
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try:
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key = params['oauth_token'][0]
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except Exception:
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raise ValueError("'oauth_token' not found in OAuth request.")
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try:
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secret = params['oauth_token_secret'][0]
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except Exception:
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raise ValueError("'oauth_token_secret' not found in "
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"OAuth request.")
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token = Token(key, secret)
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try:
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token.callback_confirmed = params['oauth_callback_confirmed'][0]
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except KeyError:
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pass # 1.0, no callback confirmed.
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return token
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def __str__(self):
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return self.to_string()
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def setter(attr):
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name = attr.__name__
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def getter(self):
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try:
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return self.__dict__[name]
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except KeyError:
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raise AttributeError(name)
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def deleter(self):
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del self.__dict__[name]
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return property(getter, attr, deleter)
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class Request(dict):
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"""The parameters and information for an HTTP request, suitable for
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authorizing with OAuth credentials.
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When a consumer wants to access a service's protected resources, it does
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so using a signed HTTP request identifying itself (the consumer) with its
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key, and providing an access token authorized by the end user to access
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those resources.
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"""
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http_method = HTTP_METHOD
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http_url = None
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version = VERSION
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def __init__(self, method=HTTP_METHOD, url=None, parameters=None):
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if method is not None:
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self.method = method
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if url is not None:
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self.url = url
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if parameters is not None:
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self.update(parameters)
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@setter
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def url(self, value):
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parts = urlparse.urlparse(value)
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scheme, netloc, path = parts[:3]
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# Exclude default port numbers.
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if scheme == 'http' and netloc[-3:] == ':80':
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netloc = netloc[:-3]
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elif scheme == 'https' and netloc[-4:] == ':443':
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netloc = netloc[:-4]
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if scheme != 'http' and scheme != 'https':
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raise ValueError("Unsupported URL %s (%s)." % (value, scheme))
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value = '%s://%s%s' % (scheme, netloc, path)
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self.__dict__['url'] = value
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@setter
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def method(self, value):
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self.__dict__['method'] = value.upper()
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def _get_timestamp_nonce(self):
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return self['oauth_timestamp'], self['oauth_nonce']
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def get_nonoauth_parameters(self):
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"""Get any non-OAuth parameters."""
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return dict([(k, v) for k, v in self.iteritems()
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if not k.startswith('oauth_')])
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def to_header(self, realm=''):
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"""Serialize as a header for an HTTPAuth request."""
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oauth_params = ((k, v) for k, v in self.items()
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if k.startswith('oauth_'))
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stringy_params = ((k, escape(str(v))) for k, v in oauth_params)
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header_params = ('%s="%s"' % (k, v) for k, v in stringy_params)
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params_header = ', '.join(header_params)
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auth_header = 'OAuth realm="%s"' % realm
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if params_header:
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auth_header = "%s, %s" % (auth_header, params_header)
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return {'Authorization': auth_header}
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def to_postdata(self):
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"""Serialize as post data for a POST request."""
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return self.encode_postdata(self)
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def encode_postdata(self, data):
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# tell urlencode to deal with sequence values and map them correctly
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# to resulting querystring. for example self["k"] = ["v1", "v2"] will
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# result in 'k=v1&k=v2' and not k=%5B%27v1%27%2C+%27v2%27%5D
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return urllib.urlencode(data, True)
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def to_url(self):
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"""Serialize as a URL for a GET request."""
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return '%s?%s' % (self.url, self.to_postdata())
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def get_parameter(self, parameter):
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ret = self.get(parameter)
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if ret is None:
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raise Error('Parameter not found: %s' % parameter)
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return ret
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def get_normalized_parameters(self):
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"""Return a string that contains the parameters that must be signed."""
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items = [(k, v) for k, v in self.items() if k != 'oauth_signature']
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encoded_str = urllib.urlencode(sorted(items), True)
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# Encode signature parameters per Oauth Core 1.0 protocol
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# spec draft 7, section 3.6
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# (http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hammer-oauth-07#section-3.6)
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# Spaces must be encoded with "%20" instead of "+"
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return encoded_str.replace('+', '%20')
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def sign_request(self, signature_method, consumer, token):
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"""Set the signature parameter to the result of sign."""
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if 'oauth_consumer_key' not in self:
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self['oauth_consumer_key'] = consumer.key
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if token and 'oauth_token' not in self:
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self['oauth_token'] = token.key
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self['oauth_signature_method'] = signature_method.name
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self['oauth_signature'] = signature_method.sign(self, consumer, token)
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@classmethod
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def make_timestamp(cls):
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"""Get seconds since epoch (UTC)."""
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return str(int(time.time()))
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@classmethod
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def make_nonce(cls):
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"""Generate pseudorandom number."""
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return str(random.randint(0, 100000000))
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@classmethod
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def from_request(cls, http_method, http_url, headers=None, parameters=None,
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query_string=None):
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"""Combines multiple parameter sources."""
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if parameters is None:
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parameters = {}
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# Headers
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if headers and 'Authorization' in headers:
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auth_header = headers['Authorization']
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# Check that the authorization header is OAuth.
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if auth_header[:6] == 'OAuth ':
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auth_header = auth_header[6:]
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try:
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# Get the parameters from the header.
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header_params = cls._split_header(auth_header)
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parameters.update(header_params)
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except:
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raise Error('Unable to parse OAuth parameters from '
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'Authorization header.')
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# GET or POST query string.
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if query_string:
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query_params = cls._split_url_string(query_string)
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parameters.update(query_params)
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# URL parameters.
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param_str = urlparse.urlparse(http_url)[4] # query
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url_params = cls._split_url_string(param_str)
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parameters.update(url_params)
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if parameters:
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return cls(http_method, http_url, parameters)
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return None
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@classmethod
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def from_consumer_and_token(cls, consumer, token=None,
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http_method=HTTP_METHOD, http_url=None, parameters=None):
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if not parameters:
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parameters = {}
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defaults = {
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'oauth_consumer_key': consumer.key,
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'oauth_timestamp': cls.make_timestamp(),
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'oauth_nonce': cls.make_nonce(),
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'oauth_version': cls.version,
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}
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defaults.update(parameters)
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parameters = defaults
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if token:
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parameters['oauth_token'] = token.key
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return Request(http_method, http_url, parameters)
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@classmethod
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def from_token_and_callback(cls, token, callback=None,
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http_method=HTTP_METHOD, http_url=None, parameters=None):
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if not parameters:
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parameters = {}
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parameters['oauth_token'] = token.key
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if callback:
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parameters['oauth_callback'] = callback
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return cls(http_method, http_url, parameters)
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@staticmethod
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def _split_header(header):
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"""Turn Authorization: header into parameters."""
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params = {}
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parts = header.split(',')
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for param in parts:
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# Ignore realm parameter.
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if param.find('realm') > -1:
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continue
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# Remove whitespace.
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param = param.strip()
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# Split key-value.
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param_parts = param.split('=', 1)
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# Remove quotes and unescape the value.
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params[param_parts[0]] = urllib.unquote(param_parts[1].strip('\"'))
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return params
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@staticmethod
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def _split_url_string(param_str):
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"""Turn URL string into parameters."""
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parameters = parse_qs(param_str, keep_blank_values=False)
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for k, v in parameters.iteritems():
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parameters[k] = urllib.unquote(v[0])
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return parameters
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class Server(object):
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"""A skeletal implementation of a service provider, providing protected
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resources to requests from authorized consumers.
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This class implements the logic to check requests for authorization. You
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can use it with your web server or web framework to protect certain
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resources with OAuth.
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"""
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timestamp_threshold = 300 # In seconds, five minutes.
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version = VERSION
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signature_methods = None
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def __init__(self, signature_methods=None):
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self.signature_methods = signature_methods or {}
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def add_signature_method(self, signature_method):
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self.signature_methods[signature_method.name] = signature_method
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return self.signature_methods
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def verify_request(self, request, consumer, token):
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"""Verifies an api call and checks all the parameters."""
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version = self._get_version(request)
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self._check_signature(request, consumer, token)
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parameters = request.get_nonoauth_parameters()
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return parameters
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def build_authenticate_header(self, realm=''):
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"""Optional support for the authenticate header."""
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return {'WWW-Authenticate': 'OAuth realm="%s"' % realm}
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def _get_version(self, request):
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"""Verify the correct version request for this server."""
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try:
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version = request.get_parameter('oauth_version')
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except:
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version = VERSION
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if version and version != self.version:
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raise Error('OAuth version %s not supported.' % str(version))
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return version
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def _get_signature_method(self, request):
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"""Figure out the signature with some defaults."""
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try:
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signature_method = request.get_parameter('oauth_signature_method')
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except:
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signature_method = SIGNATURE_METHOD
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try:
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# Get the signature method object.
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signature_method = self.signature_methods[signature_method]
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except:
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signature_method_names = ', '.join(self.signature_methods.keys())
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raise Error('Signature method %s not supported try one of the following: %s' % (signature_method, signature_method_names))
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return signature_method
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def _get_verifier(self, request):
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return request.get_parameter('oauth_verifier')
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def _check_signature(self, request, consumer, token):
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timestamp, nonce = request._get_timestamp_nonce()
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self._check_timestamp(timestamp)
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signature_method = self._get_signature_method(request)
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try:
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signature = request.get_parameter('oauth_signature')
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except:
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raise MissingSignature('Missing oauth_signature.')
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# Validate the signature.
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valid = signature_method.check(request, consumer, token, signature)
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if not valid:
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key, base = signature_method.signing_base(request, consumer, token)
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raise Error('Invalid signature. Expected signature base '
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'string: %s' % base)
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built = signature_method.sign(request, consumer, token)
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def _check_timestamp(self, timestamp):
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"""Verify that timestamp is recentish."""
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timestamp = int(timestamp)
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now = int(time.time())
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lapsed = now - timestamp
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if lapsed > self.timestamp_threshold:
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raise Error('Expired timestamp: given %d and now %s has a '
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'greater difference than threshold %d' % (timestamp, now, self.timestamp_threshold))
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class Client(httplib2.Http):
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"""OAuthClient is a worker to attempt to execute a request."""
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def __init__(self, consumer, token=None, cache=None, timeout=None,
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proxy_info=None):
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if consumer is not None and not isinstance(consumer, Consumer):
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raise ValueError("Invalid consumer.")
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if token is not None and not isinstance(token, Token):
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raise ValueError("Invalid token.")
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self.consumer = consumer
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self.token = token
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self.method = SignatureMethod_HMAC_SHA1()
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httplib2.Http.__init__(self, cache=cache, timeout=timeout,
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proxy_info=proxy_info)
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def set_signature_method(self, method):
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if not isinstance(method, SignatureMethod):
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raise ValueError("Invalid signature method.")
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self.method = method
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def request(self, uri, method="GET", body=None, headers=None,
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redirections=httplib2.DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS, connection_type=None,
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force_auth_header=False):
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if not isinstance(headers, dict):
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headers = {}
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if body and method == "POST":
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parameters = dict(parse_qsl(body))
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elif method == "GET":
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parsed = urlparse.urlparse(uri)
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parameters = parse_qs(parsed.query)
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else:
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parameters = None
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req = Request.from_consumer_and_token(self.consumer, token=self.token,
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http_method=method, http_url=uri, parameters=parameters)
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req.sign_request(self.method, self.consumer, self.token)
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if force_auth_header:
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# ensure we always send Authorization
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headers.update(req.to_header())
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if method == "POST":
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if not force_auth_header:
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body = req.to_postdata()
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else:
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body = req.encode_postdata(req.get_nonoauth_parameters())
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headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
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elif method == "GET":
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if not force_auth_header:
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uri = req.to_url()
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else:
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if not force_auth_header:
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# don't call update twice.
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headers.update(req.to_header())
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return httplib2.Http.request(self, uri, method=method, body=body,
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headers=headers, redirections=redirections,
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connection_type=connection_type)
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class SignatureMethod(object):
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"""A way of signing requests.
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The OAuth protocol lets consumers and service providers pick a way to sign
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requests. This interface shows the methods expected by the other `oauth`
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modules for signing requests. Subclass it and implement its methods to
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provide a new way to sign requests.
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"""
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def signing_base(self, request, consumer, token):
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"""Calculates the string that needs to be signed.
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This method returns a 2-tuple containing the starting key for the
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signing and the message to be signed. The latter may be used in error
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messages to help clients debug their software.
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"""
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raise NotImplementedError
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def sign(self, request, consumer, token):
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"""Returns the signature for the given request, based on the consumer
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and token also provided.
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You should use your implementation of `signing_base()` to build the
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message to sign. Otherwise it may be less useful for debugging.
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"""
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raise NotImplementedError
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def check(self, request, consumer, token, signature):
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"""Returns whether the given signature is the correct signature for
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the given consumer and token signing the given request."""
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built = self.sign(request, consumer, token)
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return built == signature
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class SignatureMethod_HMAC_SHA1(SignatureMethod):
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name = 'HMAC-SHA1'
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def signing_base(self, request, consumer, token):
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sig = (
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escape(request.method),
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escape(request.url),
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escape(request.get_normalized_parameters()),
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)
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key = '%s&' % escape(consumer.secret)
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|
if token:
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key += escape(token.secret)
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raw = '&'.join(sig)
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return key, raw
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def sign(self, request, consumer, token):
|
|
"""Builds the base signature string."""
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key, raw = self.signing_base(request, consumer, token)
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# HMAC object.
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try:
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|
import hashlib # 2.5
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hashed = hmac.new(key, raw, hashlib.sha1)
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except ImportError:
|
|
import sha # Deprecated
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|
hashed = hmac.new(key, raw, sha)
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|
|
# Calculate the digest base 64.
|
|
return binascii.b2a_base64(hashed.digest())[:-1]
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|
|
class SignatureMethod_PLAINTEXT(SignatureMethod):
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|
name = 'PLAINTEXT'
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|
def signing_base(self, request, consumer, token):
|
|
"""Concatenates the consumer key and secret with the token's
|
|
secret."""
|
|
sig = '%s&' % escape(consumer.secret)
|
|
if token:
|
|
sig = sig + escape(token.secret)
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|
return sig, sig
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|
|
def sign(self, request, consumer, token):
|
|
key, raw = self.signing_base(request, consumer, token)
|
|
return raw
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|