697 lines
26 KiB
Python
697 lines
26 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python
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"""Support classes for automated testing.
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* `AsyncTestCase` and `AsyncHTTPTestCase`: Subclasses of unittest.TestCase
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with additional support for testing asynchronous (`.IOLoop` based) code.
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* `ExpectLog` and `LogTrapTestCase`: Make test logs less spammy.
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* `main()`: A simple test runner (wrapper around unittest.main()) with support
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for the tornado.autoreload module to rerun the tests when code changes.
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"""
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from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, with_statement
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try:
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from tornado import gen
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from tornado.httpclient import AsyncHTTPClient
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from tornado.httpserver import HTTPServer
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from tornado.simple_httpclient import SimpleAsyncHTTPClient
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from tornado.ioloop import IOLoop, TimeoutError
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from tornado import netutil
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except ImportError:
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# These modules are not importable on app engine. Parts of this module
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# won't work, but e.g. LogTrapTestCase and main() will.
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AsyncHTTPClient = None
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gen = None
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HTTPServer = None
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IOLoop = None
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netutil = None
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SimpleAsyncHTTPClient = None
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from tornado.log import gen_log, app_log
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from tornado.stack_context import ExceptionStackContext
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from tornado.util import raise_exc_info, basestring_type
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import functools
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import logging
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import os
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import re
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import signal
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import socket
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import sys
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import types
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try:
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from cStringIO import StringIO # py2
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except ImportError:
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from io import StringIO # py3
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# Tornado's own test suite requires the updated unittest module
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# (either py27+ or unittest2) so tornado.test.util enforces
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# this requirement, but for other users of tornado.testing we want
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# to allow the older version if unitest2 is not available.
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if sys.version_info >= (3,):
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# On python 3, mixing unittest2 and unittest (including doctest)
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# doesn't seem to work, so always use unittest.
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import unittest
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else:
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# On python 2, prefer unittest2 when available.
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try:
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import unittest2 as unittest
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except ImportError:
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import unittest
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_next_port = 10000
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def get_unused_port():
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"""Returns a (hopefully) unused port number.
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This function does not guarantee that the port it returns is available,
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only that a series of get_unused_port calls in a single process return
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distinct ports.
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.. deprecated::
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Use bind_unused_port instead, which is guaranteed to find an unused port.
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"""
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global _next_port
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port = _next_port
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_next_port = _next_port + 1
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return port
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def bind_unused_port():
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"""Binds a server socket to an available port on localhost.
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Returns a tuple (socket, port).
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"""
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[sock] = netutil.bind_sockets(None, 'localhost', family=socket.AF_INET)
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port = sock.getsockname()[1]
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return sock, port
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def get_async_test_timeout():
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"""Get the global timeout setting for async tests.
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Returns a float, the timeout in seconds.
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.. versionadded:: 3.1
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"""
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try:
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return float(os.environ.get('ASYNC_TEST_TIMEOUT'))
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except (ValueError, TypeError):
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return 5
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class _TestMethodWrapper(object):
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"""Wraps a test method to raise an error if it returns a value.
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This is mainly used to detect undecorated generators (if a test
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method yields it must use a decorator to consume the generator),
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but will also detect other kinds of return values (these are not
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necessarily errors, but we alert anyway since there is no good
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reason to return a value from a test.
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"""
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def __init__(self, orig_method):
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self.orig_method = orig_method
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def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
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result = self.orig_method(*args, **kwargs)
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if isinstance(result, types.GeneratorType):
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raise TypeError("Generator test methods should be decorated with "
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"tornado.testing.gen_test")
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elif result is not None:
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raise ValueError("Return value from test method ignored: %r" %
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result)
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def __getattr__(self, name):
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"""Proxy all unknown attributes to the original method.
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This is important for some of the decorators in the `unittest`
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module, such as `unittest.skipIf`.
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"""
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return getattr(self.orig_method, name)
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class AsyncTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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"""`~unittest.TestCase` subclass for testing `.IOLoop`-based
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asynchronous code.
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The unittest framework is synchronous, so the test must be
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complete by the time the test method returns. This means that
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asynchronous code cannot be used in quite the same way as usual.
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To write test functions that use the same ``yield``-based patterns
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used with the `tornado.gen` module, decorate your test methods
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with `tornado.testing.gen_test` instead of
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`tornado.gen.coroutine`. This class also provides the `stop()`
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and `wait()` methods for a more manual style of testing. The test
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method itself must call ``self.wait()``, and asynchronous
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callbacks should call ``self.stop()`` to signal completion.
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By default, a new `.IOLoop` is constructed for each test and is available
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as ``self.io_loop``. This `.IOLoop` should be used in the construction of
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HTTP clients/servers, etc. If the code being tested requires a
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global `.IOLoop`, subclasses should override `get_new_ioloop` to return it.
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The `.IOLoop`'s ``start`` and ``stop`` methods should not be
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called directly. Instead, use `self.stop <stop>` and `self.wait
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<wait>`. Arguments passed to ``self.stop`` are returned from
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``self.wait``. It is possible to have multiple ``wait``/``stop``
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cycles in the same test.
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Example::
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# This test uses coroutine style.
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class MyTestCase(AsyncTestCase):
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@tornado.testing.gen_test
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def test_http_fetch(self):
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client = AsyncHTTPClient(self.io_loop)
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response = yield client.fetch("http://www.tornadoweb.org")
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# Test contents of response
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self.assertIn("FriendFeed", response.body)
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# This test uses argument passing between self.stop and self.wait.
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class MyTestCase2(AsyncTestCase):
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def test_http_fetch(self):
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client = AsyncHTTPClient(self.io_loop)
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client.fetch("http://www.tornadoweb.org/", self.stop)
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response = self.wait()
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# Test contents of response
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self.assertIn("FriendFeed", response.body)
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# This test uses an explicit callback-based style.
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class MyTestCase3(AsyncTestCase):
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def test_http_fetch(self):
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client = AsyncHTTPClient(self.io_loop)
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client.fetch("http://www.tornadoweb.org/", self.handle_fetch)
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self.wait()
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def handle_fetch(self, response):
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# Test contents of response (failures and exceptions here
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# will cause self.wait() to throw an exception and end the
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# test).
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# Exceptions thrown here are magically propagated to
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# self.wait() in test_http_fetch() via stack_context.
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self.assertIn("FriendFeed", response.body)
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self.stop()
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"""
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def __init__(self, methodName='runTest', **kwargs):
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super(AsyncTestCase, self).__init__(methodName, **kwargs)
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self.__stopped = False
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self.__running = False
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self.__failure = None
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self.__stop_args = None
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self.__timeout = None
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# It's easy to forget the @gen_test decorator, but if you do
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# the test will silently be ignored because nothing will consume
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# the generator. Replace the test method with a wrapper that will
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# make sure it's not an undecorated generator.
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setattr(self, methodName, _TestMethodWrapper(getattr(self, methodName)))
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def setUp(self):
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super(AsyncTestCase, self).setUp()
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self.io_loop = self.get_new_ioloop()
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self.io_loop.make_current()
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def tearDown(self):
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self.io_loop.clear_current()
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if (not IOLoop.initialized() or
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self.io_loop is not IOLoop.instance()):
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# Try to clean up any file descriptors left open in the ioloop.
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# This avoids leaks, especially when tests are run repeatedly
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# in the same process with autoreload (because curl does not
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# set FD_CLOEXEC on its file descriptors)
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self.io_loop.close(all_fds=True)
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super(AsyncTestCase, self).tearDown()
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# In case an exception escaped or the StackContext caught an exception
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# when there wasn't a wait() to re-raise it, do so here.
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# This is our last chance to raise an exception in a way that the
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# unittest machinery understands.
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self.__rethrow()
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def get_new_ioloop(self):
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"""Creates a new `.IOLoop` for this test. May be overridden in
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subclasses for tests that require a specific `.IOLoop` (usually
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the singleton `.IOLoop.instance()`).
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"""
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return IOLoop()
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def _handle_exception(self, typ, value, tb):
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if self.__failure is None:
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self.__failure = (typ, value, tb)
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else:
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app_log.error("multiple unhandled exceptions in test",
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exc_info=(typ, value, tb))
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self.stop()
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return True
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def __rethrow(self):
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if self.__failure is not None:
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failure = self.__failure
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self.__failure = None
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raise_exc_info(failure)
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def run(self, result=None):
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with ExceptionStackContext(self._handle_exception):
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super(AsyncTestCase, self).run(result)
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# As a last resort, if an exception escaped super.run() and wasn't
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# re-raised in tearDown, raise it here. This will cause the
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# unittest run to fail messily, but that's better than silently
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# ignoring an error.
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self.__rethrow()
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def stop(self, _arg=None, **kwargs):
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"""Stops the `.IOLoop`, causing one pending (or future) call to `wait()`
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to return.
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Keyword arguments or a single positional argument passed to `stop()` are
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saved and will be returned by `wait()`.
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"""
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assert _arg is None or not kwargs
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self.__stop_args = kwargs or _arg
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if self.__running:
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self.io_loop.stop()
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self.__running = False
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self.__stopped = True
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def wait(self, condition=None, timeout=None):
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"""Runs the `.IOLoop` until stop is called or timeout has passed.
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In the event of a timeout, an exception will be thrown. The
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default timeout is 5 seconds; it may be overridden with a
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``timeout`` keyword argument or globally with the
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``ASYNC_TEST_TIMEOUT`` environment variable.
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If ``condition`` is not None, the `.IOLoop` will be restarted
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after `stop()` until ``condition()`` returns true.
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.. versionchanged:: 3.1
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Added the ``ASYNC_TEST_TIMEOUT`` environment variable.
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"""
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if timeout is None:
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timeout = get_async_test_timeout()
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if not self.__stopped:
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if timeout:
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def timeout_func():
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try:
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raise self.failureException(
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'Async operation timed out after %s seconds' %
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timeout)
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except Exception:
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self.__failure = sys.exc_info()
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self.stop()
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self.__timeout = self.io_loop.add_timeout(self.io_loop.time() + timeout, timeout_func)
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while True:
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self.__running = True
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self.io_loop.start()
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if (self.__failure is not None or
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condition is None or condition()):
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break
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if self.__timeout is not None:
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self.io_loop.remove_timeout(self.__timeout)
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self.__timeout = None
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assert self.__stopped
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self.__stopped = False
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self.__rethrow()
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result = self.__stop_args
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self.__stop_args = None
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return result
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class AsyncHTTPTestCase(AsyncTestCase):
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"""A test case that starts up an HTTP server.
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Subclasses must override `get_app()`, which returns the
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`tornado.web.Application` (or other `.HTTPServer` callback) to be tested.
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Tests will typically use the provided ``self.http_client`` to fetch
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URLs from this server.
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Example::
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class MyHTTPTest(AsyncHTTPTestCase):
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def get_app(self):
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return Application([('/', MyHandler)...])
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def test_homepage(self):
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# The following two lines are equivalent to
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# response = self.fetch('/')
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# but are shown in full here to demonstrate explicit use
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# of self.stop and self.wait.
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self.http_client.fetch(self.get_url('/'), self.stop)
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response = self.wait()
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# test contents of response
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"""
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def setUp(self):
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super(AsyncHTTPTestCase, self).setUp()
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sock, port = bind_unused_port()
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self.__port = port
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self.http_client = self.get_http_client()
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self._app = self.get_app()
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self.http_server = self.get_http_server()
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self.http_server.add_sockets([sock])
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def get_http_client(self):
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return AsyncHTTPClient(io_loop=self.io_loop)
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def get_http_server(self):
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return HTTPServer(self._app, io_loop=self.io_loop,
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**self.get_httpserver_options())
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def get_app(self):
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"""Should be overridden by subclasses to return a
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`tornado.web.Application` or other `.HTTPServer` callback.
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"""
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raise NotImplementedError()
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def fetch(self, path, **kwargs):
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"""Convenience method to synchronously fetch a url.
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The given path will be appended to the local server's host and
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port. Any additional kwargs will be passed directly to
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`.AsyncHTTPClient.fetch` (and so could be used to pass
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``method="POST"``, ``body="..."``, etc).
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"""
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self.http_client.fetch(self.get_url(path), self.stop, **kwargs)
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return self.wait()
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def get_httpserver_options(self):
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"""May be overridden by subclasses to return additional
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keyword arguments for the server.
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"""
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return {}
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def get_http_port(self):
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"""Returns the port used by the server.
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A new port is chosen for each test.
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"""
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return self.__port
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def get_protocol(self):
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return 'http'
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def get_url(self, path):
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"""Returns an absolute url for the given path on the test server."""
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return '%s://localhost:%s%s' % (self.get_protocol(),
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self.get_http_port(), path)
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def tearDown(self):
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self.http_server.stop()
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self.io_loop.run_sync(self.http_server.close_all_connections,
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timeout=get_async_test_timeout())
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if (not IOLoop.initialized() or
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self.http_client.io_loop is not IOLoop.instance()):
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self.http_client.close()
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super(AsyncHTTPTestCase, self).tearDown()
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class AsyncHTTPSTestCase(AsyncHTTPTestCase):
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"""A test case that starts an HTTPS server.
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Interface is generally the same as `AsyncHTTPTestCase`.
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"""
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def get_http_client(self):
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# Some versions of libcurl have deadlock bugs with ssl,
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# so always run these tests with SimpleAsyncHTTPClient.
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return SimpleAsyncHTTPClient(io_loop=self.io_loop, force_instance=True,
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defaults=dict(validate_cert=False))
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def get_httpserver_options(self):
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return dict(ssl_options=self.get_ssl_options())
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def get_ssl_options(self):
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"""May be overridden by subclasses to select SSL options.
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By default includes a self-signed testing certificate.
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"""
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# Testing keys were generated with:
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# openssl req -new -keyout tornado/test/test.key -out tornado/test/test.crt -nodes -days 3650 -x509
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module_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
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return dict(
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certfile=os.path.join(module_dir, 'test', 'test.crt'),
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keyfile=os.path.join(module_dir, 'test', 'test.key'))
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def get_protocol(self):
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return 'https'
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def gen_test(func=None, timeout=None):
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"""Testing equivalent of ``@gen.coroutine``, to be applied to test methods.
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``@gen.coroutine`` cannot be used on tests because the `.IOLoop` is not
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already running. ``@gen_test`` should be applied to test methods
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on subclasses of `AsyncTestCase`.
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Example::
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class MyTest(AsyncHTTPTestCase):
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@gen_test
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def test_something(self):
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response = yield gen.Task(self.fetch('/'))
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By default, ``@gen_test`` times out after 5 seconds. The timeout may be
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overridden globally with the ``ASYNC_TEST_TIMEOUT`` environment variable,
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or for each test with the ``timeout`` keyword argument::
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class MyTest(AsyncHTTPTestCase):
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@gen_test(timeout=10)
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def test_something_slow(self):
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response = yield gen.Task(self.fetch('/'))
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.. versionadded:: 3.1
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The ``timeout`` argument and ``ASYNC_TEST_TIMEOUT`` environment
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variable.
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.. versionchanged:: 4.0
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The wrapper now passes along ``*args, **kwargs`` so it can be used
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on functions with arguments.
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"""
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if timeout is None:
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timeout = get_async_test_timeout()
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def wrap(f):
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# Stack up several decorators to allow us to access the generator
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# object itself. In the innermost wrapper, we capture the generator
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# and save it in an attribute of self. Next, we run the wrapped
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# function through @gen.coroutine. Finally, the coroutine is
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# wrapped again to make it synchronous with run_sync.
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#
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# This is a good case study arguing for either some sort of
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# extensibility in the gen decorators or cancellation support.
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@functools.wraps(f)
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def pre_coroutine(self, *args, **kwargs):
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result = f(self, *args, **kwargs)
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if isinstance(result, types.GeneratorType):
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self._test_generator = result
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else:
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self._test_generator = None
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return result
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coro = gen.coroutine(pre_coroutine)
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@functools.wraps(coro)
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def post_coroutine(self, *args, **kwargs):
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try:
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return self.io_loop.run_sync(
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functools.partial(coro, self, *args, **kwargs),
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timeout=timeout)
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except TimeoutError as e:
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# run_sync raises an error with an unhelpful traceback.
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# If we throw it back into the generator the stack trace
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# will be replaced by the point where the test is stopped.
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self._test_generator.throw(e)
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# In case the test contains an overly broad except clause,
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# we may get back here. In this case re-raise the original
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# exception, which is better than nothing.
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raise
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return post_coroutine
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if func is not None:
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# Used like:
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# @gen_test
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|
# def f(self):
|
|
# pass
|
|
return wrap(func)
|
|
else:
|
|
# Used like @gen_test(timeout=10)
|
|
return wrap
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Without this attribute, nosetests will try to run gen_test as a test
|
|
# anywhere it is imported.
|
|
gen_test.__test__ = False
|
|
|
|
|
|
class LogTrapTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
|
|
"""A test case that captures and discards all logging output
|
|
if the test passes.
|
|
|
|
Some libraries can produce a lot of logging output even when
|
|
the test succeeds, so this class can be useful to minimize the noise.
|
|
Simply use it as a base class for your test case. It is safe to combine
|
|
with AsyncTestCase via multiple inheritance
|
|
(``class MyTestCase(AsyncHTTPTestCase, LogTrapTestCase):``)
|
|
|
|
This class assumes that only one log handler is configured and
|
|
that it is a `~logging.StreamHandler`. This is true for both
|
|
`logging.basicConfig` and the "pretty logging" configured by
|
|
`tornado.options`. It is not compatible with other log buffering
|
|
mechanisms, such as those provided by some test runners.
|
|
"""
|
|
def run(self, result=None):
|
|
logger = logging.getLogger()
|
|
if not logger.handlers:
|
|
logging.basicConfig()
|
|
handler = logger.handlers[0]
|
|
if (len(logger.handlers) > 1 or
|
|
not isinstance(handler, logging.StreamHandler)):
|
|
# Logging has been configured in a way we don't recognize,
|
|
# so just leave it alone.
|
|
super(LogTrapTestCase, self).run(result)
|
|
return
|
|
old_stream = handler.stream
|
|
try:
|
|
handler.stream = StringIO()
|
|
gen_log.info("RUNNING TEST: " + str(self))
|
|
old_error_count = len(result.failures) + len(result.errors)
|
|
super(LogTrapTestCase, self).run(result)
|
|
new_error_count = len(result.failures) + len(result.errors)
|
|
if new_error_count != old_error_count:
|
|
old_stream.write(handler.stream.getvalue())
|
|
finally:
|
|
handler.stream = old_stream
|
|
|
|
|
|
class ExpectLog(logging.Filter):
|
|
"""Context manager to capture and suppress expected log output.
|
|
|
|
Useful to make tests of error conditions less noisy, while still
|
|
leaving unexpected log entries visible. *Not thread safe.*
|
|
|
|
Usage::
|
|
|
|
with ExpectLog('tornado.application', "Uncaught exception"):
|
|
error_response = self.fetch("/some_page")
|
|
"""
|
|
def __init__(self, logger, regex, required=True):
|
|
"""Constructs an ExpectLog context manager.
|
|
|
|
:param logger: Logger object (or name of logger) to watch. Pass
|
|
an empty string to watch the root logger.
|
|
:param regex: Regular expression to match. Any log entries on
|
|
the specified logger that match this regex will be suppressed.
|
|
:param required: If true, an exeption will be raised if the end of
|
|
the ``with`` statement is reached without matching any log entries.
|
|
"""
|
|
if isinstance(logger, basestring_type):
|
|
logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
|
|
self.logger = logger
|
|
self.regex = re.compile(regex)
|
|
self.required = required
|
|
self.matched = False
|
|
|
|
def filter(self, record):
|
|
message = record.getMessage()
|
|
if self.regex.match(message):
|
|
self.matched = True
|
|
return False
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
def __enter__(self):
|
|
self.logger.addFilter(self)
|
|
|
|
def __exit__(self, typ, value, tb):
|
|
self.logger.removeFilter(self)
|
|
if not typ and self.required and not self.matched:
|
|
raise Exception("did not get expected log message")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def main(**kwargs):
|
|
"""A simple test runner.
|
|
|
|
This test runner is essentially equivalent to `unittest.main` from
|
|
the standard library, but adds support for tornado-style option
|
|
parsing and log formatting.
|
|
|
|
The easiest way to run a test is via the command line::
|
|
|
|
python -m tornado.testing tornado.test.stack_context_test
|
|
|
|
See the standard library unittest module for ways in which tests can
|
|
be specified.
|
|
|
|
Projects with many tests may wish to define a test script like
|
|
``tornado/test/runtests.py``. This script should define a method
|
|
``all()`` which returns a test suite and then call
|
|
`tornado.testing.main()`. Note that even when a test script is
|
|
used, the ``all()`` test suite may be overridden by naming a
|
|
single test on the command line::
|
|
|
|
# Runs all tests
|
|
python -m tornado.test.runtests
|
|
# Runs one test
|
|
python -m tornado.test.runtests tornado.test.stack_context_test
|
|
|
|
Additional keyword arguments passed through to ``unittest.main()``.
|
|
For example, use ``tornado.testing.main(verbosity=2)``
|
|
to show many test details as they are run.
|
|
See http://docs.python.org/library/unittest.html#unittest.main
|
|
for full argument list.
|
|
"""
|
|
from tornado.options import define, options, parse_command_line
|
|
|
|
define('exception_on_interrupt', type=bool, default=True,
|
|
help=("If true (default), ctrl-c raises a KeyboardInterrupt "
|
|
"exception. This prints a stack trace but cannot interrupt "
|
|
"certain operations. If false, the process is more reliably "
|
|
"killed, but does not print a stack trace."))
|
|
|
|
# support the same options as unittest's command-line interface
|
|
define('verbose', type=bool)
|
|
define('quiet', type=bool)
|
|
define('failfast', type=bool)
|
|
define('catch', type=bool)
|
|
define('buffer', type=bool)
|
|
|
|
argv = [sys.argv[0]] + parse_command_line(sys.argv)
|
|
|
|
if not options.exception_on_interrupt:
|
|
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL)
|
|
|
|
if options.verbose is not None:
|
|
kwargs['verbosity'] = 2
|
|
if options.quiet is not None:
|
|
kwargs['verbosity'] = 0
|
|
if options.failfast is not None:
|
|
kwargs['failfast'] = True
|
|
if options.catch is not None:
|
|
kwargs['catchbreak'] = True
|
|
if options.buffer is not None:
|
|
kwargs['buffer'] = True
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__' and len(argv) == 1:
|
|
print("No tests specified", file=sys.stderr)
|
|
sys.exit(1)
|
|
try:
|
|
# In order to be able to run tests by their fully-qualified name
|
|
# on the command line without importing all tests here,
|
|
# module must be set to None. Python 3.2's unittest.main ignores
|
|
# defaultTest if no module is given (it tries to do its own
|
|
# test discovery, which is incompatible with auto2to3), so don't
|
|
# set module if we're not asking for a specific test.
|
|
if len(argv) > 1:
|
|
unittest.main(module=None, argv=argv, **kwargs)
|
|
else:
|
|
unittest.main(defaultTest="all", argv=argv, **kwargs)
|
|
except SystemExit as e:
|
|
if e.code == 0:
|
|
gen_log.info('PASS')
|
|
else:
|
|
gen_log.error('FAIL')
|
|
raise
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
main()
|