Create 4joy_adapter.ino

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// Protovision 4 player interface / Classical Games adapter (1997)
// Arduino Pro Micro
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_64_joystick_adapters
// https://www.protovision.games/hardw/build4player.php?language=en
// http://cloud.cbm8bit.com/penfold42/joytester.zip
// https://arduino.stackexchange.com/questions/8758/arduino-interruption-on-pin-change/8926
// http://www.nongnu.org/avr-libc/user-manual/inline_asm.html
// http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/atmel-7766-8-bit-avr-atmega16u4-32u4_datasheet.pdf
// http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/atmel-0856-avr-instruction-set-manual.pdf
// http://www.pighixxx.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/pro_micro_pinout_v1_0_red.png
// https://opencircuit.shop/ProductInfo/1000378/ATmega32U4-Datasheet.pdf
// https://cdn.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Dev/Arduino/Boards/Pro_Micro_v13b.pdf
// TXD (INT3,PD3) and RXD (INT2,PD2) to userport L.
// INT2(RXD) is used for rising edge and INT3(TXD) for falling edge.
// Interrupts takes only less than 1us to change output port state after select-signal.
// Joystick port 3
// GND = GND (8)
#define up1 (~PD & _BV(7)) // 6,PD7 = (1)
#define down1 (~PC & _BV(6)) // 5,PC6 = (2)
#define left1 (~PD & _BV(4)) // 4,PD4 = (3)
#define right1 (~PD & _BV(0)) // 3,PD0 = (4)
#define fire1 (~PD & _BV(1)) // 2,PD1 = (6)
// Joystick port 4
// GND = GND (8)
#define up2 (~PF & _BV(7)) // A0,PF7 = (1)
#define down2 (~PF & _BV(6)) // A1,PF6 = (2)
#define left2 (~PF & _BV(5)) // A2,PF5 = (3)
#define right2 (~PF & _BV(4)) // A3,PF4 = (4)
#define fire2 (~PE & _BV(6)) // 7,PE6 = (6)
// Arduino <-> Userport
// VCC = +5V (2)
// GND = GND (A)
#define upC 1 // 15,PB1 = PB0 (C)
#define downC 3 // 14,PB3 = PB1 (D)
#define leftC 2 // 16,PB2 = PB2 (E)
#define rightC 6 // 10,PB6 = PB3 (F)
#define fire1C 4 // 8,PB4 = PB4 (H)
#define fire2C 5 // 9,PB5 = PB5 (J)
#define selectC (PIND & _BV(2)) // RXD,PD2(INT2)+TXD,PD3(INT3) = PB7 (L)
// LEDS (inverted):
// RX = D17,PB0
// TX = -,PD5
// GPIOR2 contains data space address to GPIOR0 or GPRIO1.
ISR(INT2_vect, ISR_NAKED) { // rising edge, output joystick 3
asm volatile(
" push r0 \n" // 2 cycles
" in r0, 0x3f \n" // 0x3f = SREG // 1 cycle
" push r24 \n" // 2 cycles
" in r24, %[gpio] \n" // 1 cycle
" out %[pin], r24 \n" // 1 cycle
" ldi r24, 0x3e \n" //0x3e = gpior0 data space
" out 0x2b, r24 \n" //0x2b = gpior2 io space
" pop r24 \n"
" out 0x3f, r0 \n" // 0x3f = SREG
" pop r0 \n"
" reti \n"
//" rjmp INT2_vect_part_2 \n" // go to part 2 for required prologue and epilogue
:: [pin] "I" (_SFR_IO_ADDR(PORTB)), [gpio] "I" (_SFR_IO_ADDR(GPIOR0)));
}
// interrupt preparation minimum 5 cycles
// jump to interrupt routine 3 cycles
// 7 cycles to the point where out command is ready
// = 5+3+7 = 15 cycles (62,5ns * 15 = 0,9375us). Under 1 6502 cycle.
// 6502 takes 4 cycles for sta $dd01 and 4 cycles for lda $dd01
//ISR(INT2_vect_part_2) { GPIOR2 = &GPIOR0; }
ISR(INT3_vect, ISR_NAKED) { // falling edge, output joystick 4
asm volatile(
" push r0 \n"
" in r0, 0x3f \n" // 0x3f = SREG
" push r24 \n"
" in r24, %[gpio] \n"
" out %[pin], r24 \n"
" ldi r24, 0x4a \n" //0x4a = gpior1 data space
" out 0x2b, r24 \n" //0x2b = gpior2 io space
" pop r24 \n"
" out 0x3f, r0 \n" // 0x3f = SREG
" pop r0 \n"
" reti \n"
//" rjmp INT3_vect_part_2 \n" // go to part 2 for required prologue and epilogue
:: [pin] "I" (_SFR_IO_ADDR(PORTB)), [gpio] "I" (_SFR_IO_ADDR(GPIOR1)));
}
//ISR(INT3_vect_part_2) { GPIOR2 = &GPIOR1; }
void setup() {
DDRB = 0xff; PORTB = 0xff; //all PB-ports are outputs and high (0xff = zero state, because signals are inverted)
DDRF = 0; PORTF = 0xff; // all PF-ports are inputs with pullups
DDRD = B00100000; PORTD = B11110011; // all PD-ports are inputs (except PD5) with pullups (PD2,PD3 without pullup)
pinMode(5, INPUT_PULLUP); // pin5 (PC6) is input
pinMode(7, INPUT_PULLUP); // pin7 (PE6) is input
if (selectC) GPIOR2 = &GPIOR0; else GPIOR2 = &GPIOR1;
GPIOR0 = 0xff; GPIOR1 = 0xff; // start from zero state (signals are inverted)
TIMSK0 = 0; // disable timer0 interrupts (Arduino Uno/Pro Micro millis()/micros() update ISR)
EICRA = B10110000; // INT2 rising edge on RXD (Bxx11xxxx), INT3 - falling edge on TXD (B10xxxxxx)
EIMSK = B1100; // enable INT2 (Bx1xx) and INT3 (B1xxx)
//Serial.begin(115200);
//PORTD &= ~_BV(5); // TX-LED on
// We can't use millis() or micros() because Timer0 interrupts are disabled. We use 16-bit Timer1 with 1024 prescaler as "clock".
/*TIMSK1 = 0; // disable timer1 interrupts
TCCR1A = 0;
TCCR1B = B00000101; // Timer1, normal mode, prescaler 1024. One tick is 64us.
TCNT1 = 0; // reset Timer1 counter*/
}
void loop() {
uint8_t PF, PD, PC, PE;
PF = PINF; PD = PIND; PC = PINC; PE = PINE;
uint8_t joy1 = 0xff; uint8_t joy2 = 0xff; // all signals are inverted
if (up1) bitClear(joy1,upC);
if (down1) bitClear(joy1,downC);
if (left1) bitClear(joy1,leftC);
if (right1) bitClear(joy1,rightC);
if (up2) bitClear(joy2,upC);
if (down2) bitClear(joy2,downC);
if (left2) bitClear(joy2,leftC);
if (right2) bitClear(joy2,rightC);
if (fire1) { bitClear(joy1,fire1C); bitClear(joy2,fire1C); }
if (fire2) { bitClear(joy1,fire2C); bitClear(joy2,fire2C); }
if (GPIOR2 == &GPIOR0) { PORTD &= ~_BV(5); } else { PORTD |= _BV(5); } //TX-LED on, if joystick 3 is activated
if (GPIOR2 == &GPIOR1) { bitClear(joy2,0); } //RX-LED on, if joystick 4 is activated
GPIOR0 = joy1; GPIOR1 = joy2;
//PORTB = *ptr; // is this atomic? probably, because ptr is 6-bit pointer. nope...
noInterrupts();
PORTB = *((unsigned int *)GPIOR2);
//ec8: eb b5 in r30, 0x2b ; 43
//eca: f0 e0 ldi r31, 0x00 ; 0
//ecc: 80 81 ld r24, Z
//ece: 85 b9 out 0x05, r24 ; 5
interrupts();
/*asm volatile(
" clr r31 \n" //Z is r31:r30. Z is pointer.
" cli \n"
" lds r30, %[gpio] \n"
" ld __tmp_reg__, Z \n"
" sts %[pin], __tmp_reg__ \n"
" sei \n"
:: [pin] "M" (_SFR_MEM_ADDR(PORTB)), [gpio] "M" (_SFR_MEM_ADDR(GPIOR2)) : "r30", "r31");*/
//ed2: ff 27 eor r31, r31
//ed4: f8 94 cli
//ed6: e0 91 4b 00 lds r30, 0x004B ; 0x80004b <__TEXT_REGION_LENGTH__+0x7e004b>
//eda: 00 80 ld r0, Z
//edc: 00 92 25 00 sts 0x0025, r0 ; 0x800025 <__TEXT_REGION_LENGTH__+0x7e0025>
//ee0: 78 94 sei
//delayMicroseconds(10);
//uint16_t koe = ptr;
//Serial.println(koe, HEX);
//delayMicroseconds(10000);
}
/*
Arduino Pro Micro
(led/no pin: PB0, PD5)
x - PD0 - -
PB1 - PD1 - -
PB2 - PD2 - -
PB3 - PD3 - -
PB4 - PD4 - PF4
PB5 - x - PF5
PB6 PC6 - PE6 PF6
- - PD7 - PF7
*/